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The widespread success of deep learning models today is owed to the curation of extensive datasets significant in size and complexity. However, such models frequently pick up inherent biases in the data during the training process, leading…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Rwiddhi Chakraborty , Yinong Wang , Jialu Gao , Runkai Zheng , Cheng Zhang , Fernando De la Torre

The integration of vision-language models such as CLIP and Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) offers a promising approach to explaining deep neural network (DNN) decisions using concepts understandable by humans, addressing the black-box…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Townim F. Chowdhury , Vu Minh Hieu Phan , Kewen Liao , Minh-Son To , Yutong Xie , Anton van den Hengel , Johan W. Verjans , Zhibin Liao

Multi-label image classification is a foundational topic in various domains. Multimodal learning approaches have recently achieved outstanding results in image representation and single-label image classification. For instance, Contrastive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-11 Fengjun Wang , Sarai Mizrachi , Moran Beladev , Guy Nadav , Gil Amsalem , Karen Lastmann Assaraf , Hadas Harush Boker

Recently impressive performance has been achieved in Concept Bottleneck Models (CBM) by utilizing the image-text alignment learned by a large pre-trained vision-language model (i.e. CLIP). However, there exist two key limitations in concept…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Minghong Zhong , Guoshuai Zou , Kanghao Chen , Dexia Chen , Ruixuan Wang

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) use a set of human-interpretable concepts to predict the final task label, enabling domain experts to not only validate the CBM's predictions, but also intervene on incorrect concepts at test time. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Eric Enouen , Sainyam Galhotra

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) are regarded as inherently interpretable because they first predict a set of human-defined concepts which are used to predict a task label. For inherent interpretability to be fully realised, and ensure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Jack Furby , Daniel Cunnington , Dave Braines , Alun Preece

Recent advances in visuomotor policy learning have enabled robots to perform control directly from visual inputs. Yet, extending such end-to-end learning from single-arm to bimanual manipulation remains challenging due to the need for both…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Xingyu Wang , Pengxiang Ding , Jingkai Xu , Donglin Wang , Zhaoxin Fan

Interpretable models are designed to make decisions in a human-interpretable manner. Representatively, Concept Bottleneck Models (CBM) follow a two-step process of concept prediction and class prediction based on the predicted concepts. CBM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Eunji Kim , Dahuin Jung , Sangha Park , Siwon Kim , Sungroh Yoon

Concept bottleneck models (CBMs) are inherently interpretable and intervenable neural network models, which explain their final label prediction by the intermediate prediction of high-level semantic concepts. However, they require target…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Shin'ya Yamaguchi , Kosuke Nishida , Daiki Chijiwa , Yasutoshi Ida

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) enhance interpretability by predicting human-understandable concepts as intermediate representations. However, existing CBMs often suffer from input-to-concept mapping bias and limited controllability, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Gaoxiang Huang , Songning Lai , Yutao Yue

Unpaired Image Captioning (UIC) has been developed to learn image descriptions from unaligned vision-language sample pairs. Existing works usually tackle this task using adversarial learning and visual concept reward based on reinforcement…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-21 Peipei Zhu , Xiao Wang , Lin Zhu , Zhenglong Sun , Weishi Zheng , Yaowei Wang , Changwen Chen

Predicting attention regions of interest is an important yet challenging task for self-driving systems. Existing methodologies rely on large-scale labeled traffic datasets that are labor-intensive to obtain. Besides, the huge domain gap…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Pengfei Zhu , Mengshi Qi , Xia Li , Weijian Li , Huadong Ma

Large-scale pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as CLIP, establish the correlation between texts and images, achieving remarkable success on various downstream tasks with fine-tuning. In existing fine-tuning methods, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Yi Zhang , Ce Zhang , Yushun Tang , Zhihai He

The concept bottleneck model (CBM), as a technique improving interpretability via linking predictions to human-understandable concepts, makes high-risk and life-critical medical image classification credible. Typically, existing CBM methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Chunjiang Wang , Kun Zhang , Yandong Liu , Zhiyang He , Xiaodong Tao , S. Kevin Zhou

Deep neural networks often struggle to learn robust representations in the presence of dataset biases, leading to suboptimal generalization on unbiased datasets. This limitation arises because the models heavily depend on peripheral and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Carlo Alberto Barbano , Enzo Tartaglione , Marco Grangetto

Statistical decision algorithms are increasingly deployed in domains where ground-truth labels are hard to obtain, such as hiring, university admissions, and content moderation. In these settings, models are typically trained on historical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Calvin Isley , Johann D. Gaebler , Sharad Goel

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) decompose image classification into a process governed by interpretable, human-readable concepts. Recent advances in CBMs have used Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate candidate concepts. However, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yiwen Jiang , Deval Mehta , Wei Feng , Zongyuan Ge

Learning useful representations of complex data has been the subject of extensive research for many years. With the diffusion of Deep Neural Networks, Variational Autoencoders have gained lots of attention since they provide an explicit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Marco Maggipinto , Matteo Terzi , Gian Antonio Susto

Pre-trained vision-language models (e.g., CLIP) have shown powerful zero-shot transfer capabilities. But they still struggle with domain shifts and typically require labeled data to adapt to downstream tasks, which could be costly. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Jiachen Liang , Ruibing Hou , Minyang Hu , Hong Chang , Shiguang Shan , Xilin Chen

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) have garnered increasing attention due to their ability to provide concept-based explanations for black-box deep learning models while achieving high final prediction accuracy using human-like concepts.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Lijie Hu , Tianhao Huang , Huanyi Xie , Xilin Gong , Chenyang Ren , Zhengyu Hu , Lu Yu , Ping Ma , Di Wang