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Many key electronic technologies (e.g., large-scale computing, machine learning, and superconducting electronics) require new memories that are fast, reliable, energy-efficient, and of low-impedance at the same time, which has remained a…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-01-15 Lijun Zhu , Lujun Zhu , Shengjie Shi , D. C. Ralph , R. A. Buhrman

MXenes have attracted considerable attention in recent years owing to their two-dimensional (2D) layered structures with various functionalities similar to those of graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides. To open a new application…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-05-22 Prabhat Kumar , Yoshio Miura , Yoshinori Kotani , Akiho Sumiyoshiya , Tetsuya Nakamura , Gaurav K. Shukla , Shinji Isogami

Spin-orbit torque (SOT) is a promising switching mechanism for magnetic random-access memory (MRAM) as a result of the potential for improved switching speed and energy-efficiency. It is of particular interest to develop an SOT-MRAM device…

Spin-orbit torques (SOTs) have been widely understood as an interfacial transfer of spin that is independent of the bulk properties of the magnetic layer. Here, we report that SOTs acting on ferrimagnetic FexTb1-x layers decrease and vanish…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-04-04 Lijun Zhu , Daniel C Ralph

Spin-orbit coupling in inversion-asymmetric magnetic crystals and structures has emerged as a powerful tool to generate complex magnetic textures, interconvert charge and spin under applied current, and control magnetization dynamics.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-10-02 A. Manchon , J. Zelezný , I. M. Miron , T. Jungwirth , J. Sinova , A. Thiaville , K. Garello , P. Gambardella

Spin-orbit torque (SOT) can be used to efficiently manipulate the magnetic state of magnetic materials, which is an essential element for memory and logic applications. Due to symmetry constraints, only in-plane spins can be injected into…

Increasing dampinglike spin-orbit torque (SOT) is both of fundamental importance for enabling new research into spintronics phenomena and also technologically urgent for advancing low-power spin-torque memory, logic, and oscillator devices.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-06-12 Lijun Zhu , Lujun Zhu , Shengjie Shi , Manling Sui , D. C. Ralph , R. A. Buhrman

Materials with spin-orbit coupling are of great interest for various spintronics applications due to the efficient electrical generation and detection of spin-polarized electrons. Over the past decade, many materials have been studied,…

Topological quantum materials, with novel spin textures and broken crystal symmetries are suitable candidates for spintronic memory technologies. Their unique electronic properties, such as protected surface states and exotic…

Electric-field manipulation of magnetic order has proved of both fundamental and technological importance in spintronic devices. So far, electric-field control of ferromagnetism, magnetization and magnetic anisotropy has been explored in…

Spin-orbit torque is a promising mechanism for writing magnetic memories, while field-effect transistors are the gold-standard device for logic operation. The spin-orbit torque field effect transistor (SOTFET) is a proposed device that…

Spin-orbitronics, based on both spin and orbital angular momentum, presents a promising pathway for energy-efficient memory and logic devices. Recent studies have demonstrated the emergence of orbital currents in light transition metals…

A large anti-damping spin-obit torque (SOT) efficiency in magnetic heterostructures is a prerequisite to realize energy efficient spin torque based magnetic memories and logic devices. The efficiency can be characterized in terms of the…

The discovery of the spin torque effect has made magnetic nanodevices realistic candidates for active elements of memory devices and applications. Magnetoresistive effects allow the read-out of increasingly small magnetic bits, and the spin…

Materials Science · Physics 2014-01-07 Nicolas Locatelli , Vincent Cros , Julie Grollier

Current-induced spin-orbit torque (SOT) is regarded as a promising mechanism for driving neuromorphic behavior in spin-orbitronic devices. In principle, the strong SOT in heavy metal-based magnetic heterostructure is attributed to the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-05-31 Tian-Yue Chen , Yu-Chan Hsiao , Wei-Bang Liao , Chi-Feng Pai

Efficient generation of spin-orbit torques (SOTs) is central for the exciting field of spin-orbitronics. Platinum, the archetypal spin Hall material, has the potential to be an outstanding provider for spin-orbit torques due to its giant…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-08-17 Lijun Zhu , Daniel C. Ralph , Robert A Buhrman

(Bi$_{1-x}$Sb$_x$)$_2$Te$_3$ topological insulators (TIs) are gathering increasing attention owing to their large charge-to-spin conversion efficiency and the ensuing spin-orbit torques (SOTs) that can be used to manipulate the…

Using type-x spin-orbit torque (SOT) switching scheme, in which the easy axis (EA) of the ferromagnetic (FM) layer and the charge current flow direction are collinear, is possible to realize a lower-power-consumption, higher-density, and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-08-04 Yan-Ting Liu , Chao-Chung Huang , Kuan-Hao Chen , Yu-Hao Huang , Chia-Chin Tsai , Ting-Yu Chang , Chi-Feng Pai

The discovery of an ever increasing family of atomic layered magnetic materials, together with the already established vast catalogue of strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and topological systems, calls for some guiding principles to tailor…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-10-13 Hidekazu Kurebayashi , Jose H. Garcia , Safe Khan , Jairo Sinova , Stephan Roche

Finding efficient ways of manipulating magnetic bits is one of the core goals in spintronic research. Electrically-generated spin-orbit torques (SOTs) are good candidates for this and the search for materials capable of generating…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-08-31 Casper F. Schippers , Henk J. M. Swagten , Marcos H. D. Guimarães