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In this paper, we present a board game: Square War. The game definition of Square War is similar to the classic Chinese board game Go. Then we propose a mathematical problem of the game Square War. Finally, we show that the problem can be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-12-01 Chu Luo

Competitive Pok\'emon Singles (CPS) is a popular strategy game where players learn to exploit their opponent based on imperfect information in battles that can last more than one hundred stochastic turns. AI research in CPS has been led by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Jake Grigsby , Yuqi Xie , Justin Sasek , Steven Zheng , Yuke Zhu

The Game of Cycles, introduced by Su (2020), is played on a simple connected planar graph together with its bounded cells, and players take turns marking edges with arrows according to a sink-source rule that gives the game a topological…

{\sc Yama Nim} is a variant of two piles {\sc Nim}. In this ruleset, the player chosses one of the piles and removes at least two tokens from the pile. In the same move, the player adds one token to the other pile. We show the winning…

The connected domination game is a variation of the domination game where the played vertices must form a connected subgraph at all stages of the game. In this paper we prove that deciding whether the game connected domination number is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-02 Vesna Iršič Chenoweth

Hive is an abstract strategy game played on a table with hexagonal pieces. First published in 2001, it was and continues to be highly popular among both casual and competitive players. In this paper, we show that for a suitably generalized…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Daniël Andel , Benjamin Rin

Maker-Breaker total domination game in graphs is introduced as a natural counterpart to the Maker-Breaker domination game recently studied by Duch\^ene, Gledel, Parreau, and Renault. Both games are instances of the combinatorial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-02-04 Valentin Gledel , Michael A. Henning , Vesna Iršič , Sandi Klavžar

This paper presents a new partial two-player game, called the \emph{cannibal animal game}, which is a variant of Tic-Tac-Toe. The game is played on the infinite grid, where in each round a player chooses and occupies free cells. The first…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-06-21 Jean Cardinal , Sébastien Collette , Hiro Ito , Matias Korman , Stefan Langerman , Hikaru Sakaidani , Perouz Taslakian

Consider the following puzzle: a farmland consists of several fields, each occupied by either a farmer, a fox, a chicken, or a caterpillar. Creatures in neighboring fields can swap positions as long as the fox avoids the farmer, the chicken…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Davide Bilò , Stefano Leucci , Andrea Martinelli

Tetravex is a widely played one person computer game in which you are given $n^2$ unit tiles, each edge of which is labelled with a number. The objective is to place each tile within a $n$ by $n$ square such that all neighbouring edges are…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2012-04-18 Yasuhiko Takenaga , Toby Walsh

We study \emph{partial-information} two-player turn-based games on graphs with omega-regular objectives, when the partial-information player has \emph{limited memory}. Such games are a natural formalization for reactive synthesis when the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Dhananjay Raju , Rüdiger Ehlers , Ufuk Topcu

We consider a sub-class of bi-matrix games which we refer to as two-person (hereafter referred to as two-player) additively-separable sum (TPASS) games, where the sum of the pay-offs of the two players is additively separable. The row…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-03 Somdeb Lahiri

This paper studies a single-suit version of the card game War on a finite deck of cards. There are varying methods of how players put the cards that they win back into their hands, but we primarily consider randomly putting the cards back…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-02 Tanya Khovanova , Atharva Pathak

Noncooperative game theory provides a normative framework for analyzing strategic interactions. However, for the toolbox to be operational, the solutions it defines will have to be computed. In this paper, we provide a single reduction that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Vincent Conitzer , Tuomas Sandholm

Dou Shou Qi is a Chinese strategy board game for two players. We use a EXPTIME-hardness framework to analyse computational complexity of the game. We construct all gadgets of the hardness framework. In conclusion, we prove that Dou Shou Qi…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-05-01 Zhujun Zhang

Zen Puzzle Garden (ZPG) is a one-player puzzle game. In this paper, we prove that deciding the solvability of ZPG is NP-complete.

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2011-06-13 Robin Houston , Joseph White , Martyn Amos

We extend the study of the 2-Solo Chess problem which was first introduced by Aravind, Misra, and Mittal in 2022. 2-Solo Chess is a single-player variant of chess in which the player must clear the board via captures such that only one…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Kolja Kühn , Wendy Yi

Richman games are zero-sum games, where in each turn players bid in order to determine who will play next [Lazarus et al.'99]. We extend the theory to impartial general-sum two player games called \emph{bidding games}, showing the existence…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-08-13 Gil Kalai , Reshef Meir , Moshe Tennenholtz

Clobber is a new two-player board game. In this paper, we introduce the one-player variant Solitaire Clobber where the goal is to remove as many stones as possible from the board by alternating white and black moves. We show that a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Erik D. Demaine , Martin L. Demaine , Rudolf Fleischer

The study of evolutionary games with pairwise local interactions has been of interest to many different disciplines. Also local interactions with multiple opponents had been considered, although always for a fixed amount of players. In many…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-04-06 Natalia L. Kontorovsky , Juan Pablo Pinasco , Federico Vazquez