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Prompt injection attacks have become an increasing vulnerability for LLM applications, where adversarial prompts exploit indirect input channels such as emails or user-generated content to circumvent alignment safeguards and induce harmful…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Anirudh Sekar , Mrinal Agarwal , Rachel Sharma , Akitsugu Tanaka , Jasmine Zhang , Arjun Damerla , Kevin Zhu

The increasing interaction of industrial control systems (ICSs) with public networks and digital devices introduces new cyber threats to power systems and other critical infrastructure. Recent cyber-physical attacks such as Stuxnet and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-04 Nils Müller , Charalampos Ziras , Kai Heussen

This work presents Z-Mask, a robust and effective strategy to improve the adversarial robustness of convolutional networks against physically-realizable adversarial attacks. The presented defense relies on specific Z-score analysis…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Giulio Rossolini , Federico Nesti , Fabio Brau , Alessandro Biondi , Giorgio Buttazzo

An unobservable false data injection (FDI) attack on AC state estimation (SE) is introduced and its consequences on the physical system are studied. With a focus on understanding the physical consequences of FDI attacks, a bi-level…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Jingwen Liang , Lalitha Sankar , Oliver Kosut

This paper addresses the problem of output consensus in linear passive multi-agent systems under a False Data Injection (FDI) attack, considering the unavailability of complete state information. Our formulation relies on an event-based…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-21 Pushkal Purohit , Anoop Jain

We study the problem of detecting an attack on a stochastic cyber-physical system. We aim to treat the problem in its most general form. We start by introducing the notion of asymptotically detectable attacks, as those attacks introducing…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-05 Damián Marelli , Tianju Sui , Minyue Fu , Renquan Lu

We apply formal methods to lay and streamline theoretical foundations to reason about Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) and cyber-physical attacks. We focus on %a formal treatment of both integrity and DoS attacks to sensors and actuators of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-04-24 Ruggero Lanotte , Massimo Merro , Riccardo Muradore , Luca Viganò

For industrial control systems (ICS), many existing defense solutions focus on detecting attacks only when they make the system behave anomalously. Instead, in this work, we study how to detect attackers who are still in their hiding phase.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Suman Sourav , Binbin Chen

Collaboration between interconnected cyber-physical systems is becoming increasingly pervasive. Time-delays in communication channels between such systems are known to induce catastrophic failure modes, like high frequency oscillations in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-23 Shankar A. Deka , Donggun Lee , Claire J. Tomlin

Detection and isolation of link failures under the Laplacian consensus dynamics have been the focus of our previous study. Our results relate the failure of links in the network to jump discontinuities in the derivatives of the output…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-09-19 Mohammad Amin Rahimian , Victor M. Preciado

False Data Injection (FDI) attacks are a significant threat to modern power systems. Although numerous research studies have focused on FDI attacks on power systems, these studies have primarily concentrated on designing or detecting DC FDI…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-03-03 Mohammadreza Iranpour , Mohammad Rasoul Narimani

Security issues have gathered growing interest within the control systems community, as physical components and communication networks are increasingly vulnerable to cyber attacks. In this context, recent literature has studied increasingly…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-22 Xiaoyu Luo , Chongrong Fang , Jianping He , Chengcheng Zhao , Dario Paccagnan

The objective in this paper is to study and develop conditions for a network of multi-agent cyber-physical systems (MAS) where a malicious adversary can utilize vulnerabilities in order to ensure and maintain cyber attacks undetectable. We…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-15 Mahdi Taheri , Khashayar Khorasani , Iman Shames , Nader Meskin

Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) are used extensively in critical infrastructure, underscoring the need for anomaly detection systems that are able to catch even the most motivated attackers. Traditional anomaly detection techniques typically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Qingyuan Hu , Christopher M. Poskitt , Jun Sun , Yuqi Chen

Most cyber-physical systems (CPS) encounter a large volume of data which is added to the system gradually in real time and not altogether in advance. In this paper, we provide a theoretical framework that yields optimal control strategies…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-12-21 Andreas A. Malikopoulos

Modern electric power grid, known as the Smart Grid, has fast transformed the isolated and centrally controlled power system to a fast and massively connected cyber-physical system that benefits from the revolutions happening in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Haftu Tasew Reda , Adnan Anwar , Abdun Naser Mahmood , Zahir Tari

With the exponential growth of cyber-physical systems (CPS), new security challenges have emerged. Various vulnerabilities, threats, attacks, and controls have been introduced for the new generation of CPS. However, there lack a systematic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-01-18 Abdulmalik Humayed , Jingqiang Lin , Fengjun Li , Bo Luo

Complex, interconnected Cyber-physical Systems (CPS) are increasingly common in applications including smart grids and transportation. Ensuring safety of interconnected systems whose dynamics are coupled is challenging because the effects…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-02 Abdullah Al Maruf , Luyao Niu , Andrew Clark , J. Sukarno Mertoguno , Radha Poovendran

Autonomous vehicles rely on LiDAR sensors to detect obstacles such as pedestrians, other vehicles, and fixed infrastructures. LiDAR spoofing attacks have been demonstrated that either create erroneous obstacles or prevent detection of real…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-16 Hongchao Zhang , Zhouchi Li , Shiyu Cheng , Andrew Clark

Cyberattack susceptibilities are introduced as the communication requirement increases with the incorporation of more renewable energy sources into DC microgrids. Parallel DC-DC converters are utilized to provide high current and supply the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-12 Naser Souri , Ali Mehrizi-Sani