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Glaucoma is a serious ocular disorder for which the screening and diagnosis are carried out by the examination of the optic nerve head (ONH). The color fundus image (CFI) is the most common modality used for ocular screening. In CFI, the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-02-05 Sharath M Shankaranarayana , Keerthi Ram , Kaushik Mitra , Mohanasankar Sivaprakasam

The segmentation of optic disc(OD) and optic cup(OC) from fundus images is an important fundamental task for glaucoma diagnosis. In the clinical practice, it is often necessary to collect opinions from multiple experts to obtain the final…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-15 Junde Wu , Huihui Fang , Fangxin Shang , Zhaowei Wang , Dalu Yang , Wenshuo Zhou , Yehui Yang , Yanwu Xu

Objective: Ophthalmological pathologies such as glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration are major causes of blindness and vision impairment. There is a need for novel decision support tools that can simplify and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-08 Or Abramovich , Hadas Pizem , Jan Van Eijgen , Ilan Oren , Joshua Melamed , Ingeborg Stalmans , Eytan Z. Blumenthal , Joachim A. Behar

A key concern in integrating machine learning models in medicine is the ability to interpret their reasoning. Popular explainability methods have demonstrated satisfactory results in natural image recognition, yet in medical image analysis,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Tom Ron , Michal Weiler-Sagie , Tamir Hazan

Real-time, accurate, and robust pupil detection is an essential prerequisite for pervasive video-based eye-tracking. However, automated pupil detection in real-world scenarios has proven to be an intricate challenge due to fast illumination…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-01-20 Wolfgang Fuhl , Thiago Santini , Gjergji Kasneci , Enkelejda Kasneci

The advancement of AI-assisted myopia screening necessitates the joint diagnosis of both-eye (OU) high myopia (HM) status and the prediction of axial length (AL). This clinical requirement introduces a complex mixed-type (binary-continuous)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Chong Zhong , Yunhao Liu , Yang Li , Xiang Fu , Jin Yang , Danjuan Yang , Meiyan Li , Jinfeng Xu , Aiyi Liu , Alan H. Welsh , Xingtao Zhou , Bo Fu , Catherine C. Liu

Current deep learning models are mostly task specific and lack a user-friendly interface to operate. We present Meta-EyeFM, a multi-function foundation model that integrates a large language model (LLM) with vision foundation models (VFMs)…

Ophthalmological imaging utilizes different imaging systems, such as color fundus, infrared, fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography (OCT) or OCT angiography. Multiple images with different modalities or acquisition times are…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-10 Aline Sindel , Bettina Hohberger , Sebastian Fassihi Dehcordi , Christian Mardin , Robert Lämmer , Andreas Maier , Vincent Christlein

Fundus photography and Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCT-A) are two commonly used modalities in ophthalmic imaging. With the development of deep learning algorithms, fundus image processing, especially retinal vessel…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-07 Weilin Fu , Lennart Husvogt , Stefan Ploner James G. Fujimoto Andreas Maier

Retinal diseases spanning a broad spectrum can be effectively identified and diagnosed using complementary signals from multimodal data. However, multimodal diagnosis in ophthalmic practice is typically challenged in terms of data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Lu Zhang , Huizhen Yu , Zuowei Wang , Fu Gui , Yatu Guo , Wei Zhang , Mengyu Jia

Papilledema is an ophthalmic neurologic disorder in which increased intracranial pressure leads to swelling of the optic nerves. Undiagnosed papilledema in children may lead to blindness and may be a sign of life-threatening conditions,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-12 Kleanthis Avramidis , Mohammad Rostami , Melinda Chang , Shrikanth Narayanan

Retinal imaging is fast, non-invasive, and widely available, offering quantifiable structural and vascular signals for ophthalmic and systemic health assessment. This accessibility creates an opportunity to study how quantitative retinal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Zhonghua Wang , Lie Ju , Sijia Li , Wei Feng , Sijin Zhou , Ming Hu , Jianhao Xiong , Xiaoying Tang , Yifan Peng , Mingquan Lin , Yaodong Ding , Yong Zeng , Wenbin Wei , Li Dong , Zongyuan Ge

Retinal disease diagnosis is critical in preventing vision loss and reducing socioeconomic burdens. Globally, over 2.2 billion people are affected by some form of vision impairment, resulting in annual productivity losses estimated at $411…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Youssef Sabiri , Walid Houmaidi , Amine Abouaomar

Multi-modal ophthalmic image classification plays a key role in diagnosing eye diseases, as it integrates information from different sources to complement their respective performances. However, recent improvements have mainly focused on…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-29 Ke Zou , Tian Lin , Zongbo Han , Meng Wang , Xuedong Yuan , Haoyu Chen , Changqing Zhang , Xiaojing Shen , Huazhu Fu

Fundus photography is indispensable for clinical detection and management of eye diseases. Limited image contrast and field of view (FOV) are common limitations of conventional fundus cameras, making it difficult to detect subtle…

It is feasible to recognize the presence and seriousness of eye disease by investigating the progressions in retinal biological structure. Fundus examination is a diagnostic procedure to examine the biological structure and anomaly of the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-19 Amit Bhati , Neha Gour , Pritee Khanna , Aparajita Ojha

Analysis of retinal fundus images is essential for eye-care physicians in the diagnosis, care and treatment of patients. Accurate fundus and/or retinal vessel maps give rise to longitudinal studies able to utilize multimedia image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Henry A Leopold , Jeff Orchard , John S Zelek , Vasudevan Lakshminarayanan

Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness. Accurate segmentation of the optic disc (OD) and cup (OC) from fundus images is beneficial to glaucoma screening and diagnosis. Recently, convolutional neural networks demonstrate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-21 Shujun Wang , Lequan Yu , Xin Yang , Chi-Wing Fu , Pheng-Ann Heng

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common form of diabetic eye disease. Retinopathy can affect all diabetic patients and becomes particularly dangerous, increasing the risk of blindness, if it is left untreated. The success rate of its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-11 Oindrila Saha , Rachana Sathish , Debdoot Sheet

Vision impairment due to pathological damage of the retina can largely be prevented through periodic screening using fundus color imaging. However the challenge with large scale screening is the inability to exhaustively detect fine blood…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-03-16 Debapriya Maji , Anirban Santara , Pabitra Mitra , Debdoot Sheet