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Vision Language Models (VLMs) are poised to revolutionize the digital transformation of pharmacyceutical industry by enabling intelligent, scalable, and automated multi-modality content processing. Traditional manual annotation of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Suyash Mishra , Qiang Li , Srikanth Patil , Anubhav Girdhar

In modern online streaming platforms, the comments section plays a critical role in enhancing the overall user experience. Understanding user behavior within the comments section is essential for comprehensive user interest modeling. A key…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Changshuo Zhang , Zihan Lin , Shukai Liu , Yongqi Liu , Han Li

Social Virtual Reality (VR) platforms provide immersive social experiences but also expose users to serious risks of online harassment. Existing safety measures are largely reactive, while proactive solutions that detect harassment behavior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Junhee Lee , Minseok Kim , Hwanjo Heo , Seungwon Woo , Jinwoo Kim

Online memes are a powerful yet challenging medium for content moderation, often masking harmful intent behind humor, irony, or cultural symbolism. Conventional moderation systems "especially those relying on explicit text" frequently fail…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Sayantan Adak , Somnath Banerjee , Rajarshi Mandal , Avik Halder , Sayan Layek , Rima Hazra , Animesh Mukherjee

Short video applications have attracted billions of users in recent years, fulfilling their various needs with diverse content. Users usually watch short videos on many topics on mobile devices in a short period of time, and give explicit…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Xudong Gong , Qinlin Feng , Yuan Zhang , Jiangling Qin , Weijie Ding , Biao Li , Peng Jiang , Kun Gai

The increasing deployment of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) raises safety concerns under potential malicious inputs. However, existing multimodal safety evaluations primarily focus on model vulnerabilities exposed by static image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Xuannan Liu , Zekun Li , Zheqi He , Peipei Li , Shuhan Xia , Xing Cui , Huaibo Huang , Xi Yang , Ran He

Recent vision language models (VLMs) have made remarkable strides in generative modeling with multimodal inputs, particularly text and images. However, their susceptibility to generating harmful content when exposed to unsafe queries raises…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Yiwei Chen , Yuguang Yao , Yihua Zhang , Bingquan Shen , Gaowen Liu , Sijia Liu

Short-video platforms show an increasing impact on people's daily lives nowadays, with billions of active users spending plenty of time each day. The interactions between users and online platforms give rise to many scientific problems…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Yu Shang , Chen Gao , Nian Li , Yong Li

Malicious content generated by large language models (LLMs) can pose varying degrees of harm. Although existing LLM-based moderators can detect harmful content, they struggle to assess risk levels and may miss lower-risk outputs. Accurate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Fan Yin , Philippe Laban , Xiangyu Peng , Yilun Zhou , Yixin Mao , Vaibhav Vats , Linnea Ross , Divyansh Agarwal , Caiming Xiong , Chien-Sheng Wu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown strong performance in visual and audio understanding when evaluated in isolation. However, their ability to jointly reason over omni-modal (visual, audio, and textual) signals in long and…

We present a holistic approach to building a robust and useful natural language classification system for real-world content moderation. The success of such a system relies on a chain of carefully designed and executed steps, including the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Todor Markov , Chong Zhang , Sandhini Agarwal , Tyna Eloundou , Teddy Lee , Steven Adler , Angela Jiang , Lilian Weng

Content moderation, the process of reviewing and monitoring the safety of generated content, is important for development of welcoming online platforms and responsible large language models. Content moderation contains various tasks, each…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Minjia Wang , Pingping Lin , Siqi Cai , Shengnan An , Shengjie Ma , Zeqi Lin , Congrui Huang , Bixiong Xu

Centralized content moderation paradigm both falls short and over-reaches: 1) it fails to account for the subjective nature of harm, and 2) it acts with blunt suppression in response to content deemed harmful, even when such content can be…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Rayhan Rashed , Farnaz Jahanbakhsh

Backdoor attacks undermine the reliability and trustworthiness of machine learning systems by injecting hidden behaviors that can be maliciously activated at inference time. While such threats have been extensively studied in unimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Juncheng Li , Yige Li , Hanxun Huang , Yunhao Chen , Xin Wang , Yixu Wang , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

Machine learning (ML) is widely used to moderate online content. Despite its scalability relative to human moderation, the use of ML introduces unique challenges to content moderation. One such challenge is predictive multiplicity: multiple…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Juan Felipe Gomez , Caio Vieira Machado , Lucas Monteiro Paes , Flavio P. Calmon

The application of visual instruction tuning and other post-training techniques has significantly enhanced the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in visual understanding, enriching Vision-Language Models (VLMs) with more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Mingjie Xu , Andrew Estornell , Hongzheng Yang , Yuzhi Zhao , Zhaowei Zhu , Qi Xuan , Jiaheng Wei

While the safety risks of image-based large language models (Image LLMs) have been extensively studied, their video-based counterparts (Video LLMs) remain critically under-examined. To systematically study this problem, we introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yiwei Sun , Peiqi Jiang , Chuanbin Liu , Luohao Lin , Zhiying Lu , Hongtao Xie

Static benchmarks for harmful content detection face limitations in scalability and diversity, and may also be affected by contamination from web-scale pre-training corpora. To address these issues, we propose a framework for synthesizing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Huije Lee , Jisu Shin , Hoyun Song , Changgeon Ko , Jong C. Park

Content safety teams need metrics that reflect what users actually experience, not only what is reported. We study prevalence: the fraction of user views (impressions) that went to content violating a given policy on a given day. Accurate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Attila Dobi , Aravindh Manickavasagam , Benjamin Thompson , Xiaohan Yang , Faisal Farooq

We present FakeSV-VLM in this paper, a new VLM-based framework for detecting fake news on short video platforms. Despite significant efforts to combat this issue due to the severe threat that fake news videos pose to public information…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Junxi Wang , Yaxiong Wang , Lechao Cheng , Zhun Zhong