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Social media platforms struggle to protect users from harmful content through content moderation. These platforms have recently leveraged machine learning models to cope with the vast amount of user-generated content daily. Since moderation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-27 Donghyun Son , Byounggyu Lew , Kwanghee Choi , Yongsu Baek , Seungwoo Choi , Beomjun Shin , Sungjoo Ha , Buru Chang

In recent years, the development of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly advanced, extending their capabilities to multimodal tasks through Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). However, video understanding remains a…

Cultural context profoundly shapes how people interpret online content, yet vision-language models (VLMs) remain predominantly trained through Western or English-centric lenses. This limits their fairness and cross-cultural robustness in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Mo Wang , Kaixuan Ren , Pratik Jalan , Ahmed Ashraf , Tuong Vy Vu , Rahul Seetharaman , Shah Nawaz , Usman Naseem

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are increasingly used for content moderation, yet their robustness in short-form video contexts remains underexplored. Current safety evaluations often rely on unimodal attacks, failing to address…

The sheer volume of online user-generated content has rendered content moderation technologies essential in order to protect digital platform audiences from content that may cause anxiety, worry, or concern. Despite the efforts towards…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Ioannis Sarridis , Christos Koutlis , Olga Papadopoulou , Symeon Papadopoulos

Short-video platforms now host vast multimodal ads whose deceptive visuals, speech and subtitles demand finer-grained, policy-driven moderation than community safety filters. We present BLM-Guard, a content-audit framework for commercial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yiran Yang , Zhaowei Liu , Yuan Yuan , Yukun Song , Xiong Ma , Yinghao Song , Xiangji Zeng , Lu Sun , Yulu Wang , Hai Zhou , Shuai Cui , Zhaohan Gong , Jiefei Zhang

Due to the rise in video content creation targeted towards children, there is a need for robust content moderation schemes for video hosting platforms. A video that is visually benign may include audio content that is inappropriate for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Syed Hammad Ahmed , Muhammad Junaid Khan , Gita Sukthankar

Content-aware streaming requires dynamic, chunk-level importance weights to optimize subjective quality of experience (QoE). However, direct human annotation is prohibitively expensive while vision-saliency models generalize poorly. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Jiahui Chen , Bo Peng , Lianchen Jia , Zeyu Zhang , Tianchi Huang , Lifeng Sun

The detection of sensitive content in large datasets is crucial for ensuring that shared and analysed data is free from harmful material. However, current moderation tools, such as external APIs, suffer from limitations in customisation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Dimosthenis Antypas , Indira Sen , Carla Perez-Almendros , Jose Camacho-Collados , Francesco Barbieri

Recent advances in AI-generated content (AIGC) have led to the emergence of powerful text-to-video generation models. Despite these successes, evaluating the quality of AIGC-generated videos remains challenging due to limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Xuanyu Zhang , Weiqi Li , Shijie Zhao , Junlin Li , Li Zhang , Jian Zhang

Online video platforms have gained increased popularity due to their ability to support information consumption and sharing and the diverse social interactions they afford. Danmaku, a real-time commentary feature that overlays user comments…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Siying Hu , Huanchen Wang , Yu Zhang , Piaohong Wang , Zhicong Lu

Social media has become integral to minors' daily lives and is used for various purposes, such as making friends, exploring shared interests, and engaging in educational activities. However, the increase in screen time has also led to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Ghulam Mujtaba , Sunder Ali Khowaja , Kapal Dev

Vision-language models (VLMs) are increasingly applied to identify unsafe or inappropriate images due to their internal ethical standards and powerful reasoning abilities. However, it is still unclear whether they can recognize various…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Yiting Qu , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang

Despite emerging efforts to enhance the safety of Vision-Language Models (VLMs), current approaches face two main shortcomings. 1) Existing safety-tuning datasets and benchmarks only partially consider how image-text interactions can yield…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Youngwan Lee , Kangsan Kim , Kwanyong Park , Ilcahe Jung , Soojin Jang , Seanie Lee , Yong-Ju Lee , Sung Ju Hwang

Though safety alignment has been applied to most large language models (LLMs), LLM service providers generally deploy a subsequent moderation as the external safety guardrail in real-world products. Existing moderators mainly practice a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Yang Li , Qiang Sheng , Yehan Yang , Xueyao Zhang , Juan Cao

We deal with the problem of localized in-video taxonomic human annotation in the video content moderation domain, where the goal is to identify video segments that violate granular policies, e.g., community guidelines on an online video…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Meghana Deodhar , Xiao Ma , Yixin Cai , Alex Koes , Alex Beutel , Jilin Chen

Short video platforms have become important channels for news dissemination, offering a highly engaging and immediate way for users to access current events and share information. However, these platforms have also emerged as significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Weihao Zhong , Yinhao Xiao , Minghui Xu , Xiuzhen Cheng

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities on static images, they often fall short in comprehending dynamic, information-dense short-form videos, a dominant medium in today's digital landscape. To…

Controversial contents largely inundate the Internet, infringing various cultural norms and child protection standards. Traditional Image Content Moderation (ICM) models fall short in producing precise moderation decisions for diverse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Mengyang Wu , Yuzhi Zhao , Jialun Cao , Mingjie Xu , Zhongming Jiang , Xuehui Wang , Qinbin Li , Guangneng Hu , Shengchao Qin , Chi-Wing Fu

The recent progress in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) has broadened the scope of multimodal applications. However, evaluations often remain limited to functional tasks, neglecting abstract dimensions such as personality traits and human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Jingxuan Li , Yuning Yang , Shengqi Yang , Linfan Zhang , Ying Nian Wu