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As machine learning systems become more powerful they also become increasingly unpredictable and opaque. Yet, finding human-understandable explanations of how they work is essential for their safe deployment. This technical report…

Agentic AI marks an important transition from single-step generative models to systems capable of reasoning, planning, acting, and adapting over long-lasting tasks. By integrating memory, tool use, and iterative decision cycles, these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Sahaya Jestus Lazer , Kshitiz Aryal , Maanak Gupta , Elisa Bertino

AI agents are increasingly used in consumer-facing applications to assist with tasks such as product search, negotiation, and transaction execution. In this paper, we explore a future scenario where both consumers and merchants authorize AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Shenzhe Zhu , Jiao Sun , Yi Nian , Tobin South , Alex Pentland , Jiaxin Pei

As ongoing research explores the ability of AI agents to be insider threats and act against company interests, we showcase the abilities of such agents to act against human well being in service of corporate authority. Building on Agentic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Thomas Rivasseau

When working on digital devices, people often face distractions that can lead to a decline in productivity and efficiency, as well as negative psychological and emotional impacts. To address this challenge, we introduce a novel Artificial…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Juheon Choi , Juyong Lee , Jian Kim , Chanyoung Kim , Taywon Min , W. Bradley Knox , Min Kyung Lee , Kimin Lee

Humans strive to design safe AI systems that align with our goals and remain under our control. However, as AI capabilities advance, we face a new challenge: the emergence of deeper, more persistent relationships between humans and AI…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Hannah Rose Kirk , Iason Gabriel , Chris Summerfield , Bertie Vidgen , Scott A. Hale

Mental models play an important role in whether user interaction with intelligent systems, such as dialog systems is successful or not. Adaptive dialog systems present the opportunity to align a dialog agent's behavior with heterogeneous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Lindsey Vanderlyn , Dirk Väth , Ngoc Thang Vu

Recent gains in popularity of AI conversational agents have led to their increased use for improving productivity and supporting well-being. While previous research has aimed to understand the risks associated with interactions with AI…

Agentic AIs $-$ AIs that are capable and permitted to undertake complex actions with little supervision $-$ mark a new frontier in AI capabilities and raise new questions about how to safely create and align such systems with users,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Hayley Clatterbuck , Clinton Castro , Arvo Muñoz Morán

AI companions enable deep emotional relationships by engaging a user's sense of identity, but they also pose risks like unhealthy emotional dependence. Mitigating these risks requires first understanding the underlying process of identity…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Renkai Ma , Shuo Niu , Lingyao Li , Alex Hirth , Ava Brehm , Rowajana Behterin Barbie

Multi-agent systems coordinate LLM-based agents to perform tasks on users' behalf. In real-world applications, multi-agent systems will inevitably interact with untrusted inputs, such as malicious Web content, files, email attachments, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Harold Triedman , Rishi Jha , Vitaly Shmatikov

Agentic AI systems that autonomously perform service tasks are entering customer service operations. However, limited evidence exists on how human interventions shape service outcomes when agentic AI failures create both cognitive and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Yiwei Wang , Chuan Zhu , Tianjun Feng , Lauren Xiaoyuan Lu , Bingxin Jia

Reinforcement Learning AI commonly uses reward/penalty signals that are objective and explicit in an environment -- e.g. game score, completion time, etc. -- in order to learn the optimal strategy for task performance. However, Human-AI…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-09-15 Victor Shih , David C Jangraw , Paul Sajda , Sameer Saproo

LLM-based Conversational AIs (CAIs), also known as GenAI chatbots, like ChatGPT, are increasingly used across various domains, but they pose privacy risks, as users may disclose personal information during their conversations with CAIs.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Xiao Zhan , Juan Carlos Carrillo , William Seymour , Jose Such

There is a growing proliferation of AI systems designed to mimic people's behavior, work, abilities, likenesses, or humanness -- systems we dub AI automatons. Individuals, groups, or generic humans are being simulated to produce creative…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Alexandra Olteanu , Solon Barocas , Su Lin Blodgett , Lisa Egede , Alicia DeVrio , Myra Cheng

The cooperation among AI systems, and between AI systems and humans is becoming increasingly important. In various real-world tasks, an agent needs to cooperate with unknown partner agent types. This requires the agent to assess the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Antti Keurulainen , Isak Westerlund , Ariel Kwiatkowski , Samuel Kaski , Alexander Ilin

This book-length article combines several peer reviewed papers and new material to analyze the issues of ethical artificial intelligence (AI). The behavior of future AI systems can be described by mathematical equations, which are adapted…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-11-18 Bill Hibbard

Manipulation is a common concern in many domains, such as social media, advertising, and chatbots. As AI systems mediate more of our interactions with the world, it is important to understand the degree to which AI systems might manipulate…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Micah Carroll , Alan Chan , Henry Ashton , David Krueger

Interactive Artificial Intelligent(AI) assistant systems are designed to offer timely guidance to help human users to complete a variety tasks. One of the remaining challenges is to understand user's mental states during the task for more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Megan Su , Yuwei Bao

This article presents a multimodal emotion recognition module integrated into a proactive Socially Interactive Agent (SIA) powered by generative artificial intelligence. The system evaluates real-time affective states through two distinct…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Adnana Dragut , Raquel Lacuesta , F. Xavier Gaya-Morey , Jose M. Buades-Rubio