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Experiments in bulk water confirm the existence of two local arrangements of water molecules with different densities, but, because of inevitable freezing at low temperature $T$, can not ascertain whether the two arrangements separate in…

Water exhibits rich polymorphism, where more than 20 crystalline phases have been experimentally reported. Five of them are metastable and form at low temperatures by either heating amorphous ice or degassing clathrate hydrates. However,…

Supercooled liquids give rise, by homogeneous nucleation, to solid superclusters acting as building blocks of glass, ultrastable glass, and glacial glass phases before being crystallized. Liquid-to-liquid phase transitions begin to be…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2019-06-26 Robert F. Tournier

The origin of water's anomalous behavior remains a central open problem in the physical sciences and is often attributed to a liquid-liquid transition (LLT) between high- and low-density liquid states deep in the supercooled regime.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-04-02 Florian Pabst , Ali Hassanali

Water adopts many different crystal structures in its solid form. These provide insight into potential structures of water even in its liquid phase, and they can be used to calibrate pair potentials used for simulation of water. In crowded…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-12-30 L. Ridgway Scott

Mpemba effects (MPEs), where a hotter system cools faster than a colder one, present intriguing anomalies in relaxation processes. Despite their universal observation and significant fundamental and practical implications, a comprehensive…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-10-22 Naruo Ohga , Hisao Hayakawa , Sosuke Ito

We report anomalous heating in a colloidal system, the first observation of the inverse Mpemba effect, where an initially cold system heats up faster than an identical warm system coupled to the same thermal bath. For an overdamped,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-01-28 Avinash Kumar , Raphael Chetrite , John Bechhoefer

We experimentally investigate the effect of freezing on the spreading of a water drop. Whenever a water drop impacts a cold surface, whose temperature is lower than 0{\deg}C, a thin layer of ice grows during the spreading. This freezing has…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-02-03 Virgile Thiévenaz , Thomas Séon , Christophe Josserand

Raising the temperature of a material enhances the thermal motion of particles. Such an increase in thermal energy commonly leads to the melting of a solid into a fluid and eventually vaporises the liquid into a gaseous phase of matter.…

We study theoretically the thermodynamics, over a broad temperature range (5 C to 125 C), related to hydrated water upon protein unfolding. The hydration effect is modeled as interacting dipoles in an external field, mimicking the influence…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-07 Audun Bakk , Johan S. Hoye , Alex Hansen

Controversy exists regarding the possible existence of a transition between the liquid and glassy states of water. Here we use experimental measurements of the entropy, specific heat, and enthalpy of both liquid and glassy water to…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 Francis W. Starr , C. Austen Angell , Robin J. Speedy , H. Eugene Stanley

The thermal properties of ice, liquid water and steam are at odds with statistical theories applied to many-body systems. Here, these properties are quantitatively explained with a bulk-scale matter field emerging from the indefinite status…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-03-16 François Fillaux

The heat capacity of supercooled water, measured down to -37 {\deg}C, shows an anomalous increase as temperature decreases. The thermal diffusivity, i. e., the ratio of the thermal conductivity and the heat capacity per unit volume, shows a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-08-22 John W. Biddle , Vincent Holten , Jan V. Sengers , Mikhail A. Anisimov

An experimental proposal to test the existence of a liquid-liquid critical point in water, based on high pressure calorimetric measurements, is presented on this paper. Considering the existence of an intramolecular correlation in the water…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 Manuel I. Marques

Freezing of water droplets placed on the bare and superhydrophobic surfaces of polymer wedges are studied both experimentally and computationally. Two-dimensional numerical calculations of the transient temperature field in a chilled…

A core-softened model of a glass forming fluid is numerically studied in the limit of very low temperatures. The model shows two qualitatively different behaviors depending on the strength of the attraction between particles. For no or low…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 E. A. Jagla

The Mpemba effect occurs when two samples at different initial temperatures evolve in such a way that the temperatures cross each other during the relaxation towards equilibrium. In this paper we show the emergence of a Mpemba-like effect…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-05-17 Rubén Gómez González , Nagi Khalil , Vicente Garzó

Water is an unique material with a long list of thermodynamic, dynamic and structural anomalies, which are usually attributed to the competition between two characteristic length scales in the intermolecular interaction. It has been argued…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-06-25 Murilo S. Marques , Vinicius Fonseca Hernandes , Enrique Lomba , J. Rafael Bordin

The avoidance of water freezing is the holy grail in the cryopreservation of biological samples, food, and organs. Fast cooling rates are used to beat ice nucleation and avoid cell damage. This strategy can be enhanced by applying high…

Twenty years ago Poole et al. (Nature 360, 324, 1992) suggested that the anomalous properties of supercooled water may be caused by a critical point that terminates a line of liquid-liquid separation of lower-density and higher-density…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2017-08-14 V. Holten , M. A. Anisimov