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The resonant modes of optical cavities provide a powerful resource for laser-frequency stabilization, underpinning high-precision metrology and coherent signal generation. Photonic resonators in which the optical mode propagates through…

Optics · Physics 2026-02-12 Lindell M. Williams , Grant M. Brodnik , Scott B. Papp

High-resolution fMRI provides a window into the brain's mesoscale organization. Yet, higher spatial resolution increases scan times, to compensate for the low signal and contrast-to-noise ratio. This work introduces a deep learning-based 3D…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-20 Hongwei Bran Li , Matthew S. Rosen , Shahin Nasr , Juan Eugenio Iglesias

This study investigates the application of Super-Resolution techniques in holographic microscopy to enhance quantitative phase imaging. An off-axis Mach-Zehnder interferometric setup was employed to capture interferograms. The study…

We present a near-field optical technique for second harmonic imaging using bare tapered optical fiber tip illuminated with femtosecond laser pulses. Enhancement of electric field at the tip of the fiber results in enhanced second harmonic…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-10-31 I. I. Smolyaninov , H. Y. Liang , S. Aggarwal , R. Ramesh , C. H. Lee , C. C. Davis

Spectral imaging is a fundamental diagnostic technique with widespread application. Conventional spectral imaging approaches have intrinsic limitations on spatial and spectral resolutions due to the physical components they rely on. To…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-07 Figen S. Oktem , Oğuzhan Fatih Kar , Can Deniz Bezek , Farzad Kamalabadi

A compact and broadband polarimetric imaging platform is presented, based on second-harmonic generation (SHG) in nonlinear flat-optics. The system employs periodic all-dielectric AlGaAs gratings to induce polarization-dependent SH emission,…

Single-beam super-resolution microscopy, also known as superlinear microscopy, exploits the nonlinear response of fluorescent probes in confocal microscopy. The technique requires no complex purpose-built system, light field modulation, or…

Super-resolution Structured Illumination Microscopy (SR-SIM) enables fluorescence microscopy beyond the diffraction limit at high frame rates. Compared to other super-resolution microscopy techniques, the low photon fluence used in SR-SIM…

Fluorescence microscopy is an important and extensively utilised tool for imaging biological systems. However, the image resolution that can be obtained has a limit as defined through the laws of diffraction. Demand for improved resolution…

Biological Physics · Physics 2007-08-27 James H. Rice

Fluorescence microscopy has enabled a dramatic development in modern biology by visualizing biological organisms with micrometer scale resolution. However, due to the diffraction limit, sub-micron/nanometer features are difficult to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-10 Varun Mannam , Yide Zhang , Xiaotong Yuan , Scott Howard

We provide a quantitative analysis of super-resolution imaging techniques which exploit temporal fluctuations of luminosity of the sources in order to beat the Rayleigh limit. We define an operationally justified resolution gain figure of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-08 Stanislaw Kurdzialek , Rafal Demkowicz-Dobrzanski

Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) technique enables convenient nanoscopic characterization for various systems and conditions. Nonetheless, lab-based SAXS systems intrinsically suffer from insufficient x-ray flux and limited angular…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-09-30 Benjamin Gutman , Michael Mrejen , Gil Shabat , Ram Avinery , Yoel Shkolnisky , Roy Beck

Hyperspectral images are crucial for many research works. Spectral super-resolution (SSR) is a method used to obtain high spatial resolution (HR) hyperspectral images from HR multispectral images. Traditional SSR methods include…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-09 Jiang He , Jie Li , Qiangqiang Yuan , Huanfeng Shen , Liangpei Zhang

We propose a method of spatial resolution enhancement in metrology (thermometry, magnetometry, pH estimation, and similar methods) with blinking fluorescent nanosensors by combining sensing with super-resolution optical fluctuation imaging…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-11 Alexander Mikhalychev , Alex Ulyanenkov

Face super-resolution (FSR) is a critical technique for enhancing low-resolution facial images and has significant implications for face-related tasks. However, existing FSR methods are limited by fixed up-sampling scales and sensitivity to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Yi Ting Tsai , Yu Wei Chen , Hong-Han Shuai , Ching-Chun Huang

Chiral discrimination with high harmonic generation (cHHG method) has been introduced in the recent work by R. Cireasa et al ( Nat. Phys. 11, 654 - 658, 2015). In its original implementation, the cHHG method works by detecting high harmonic…

Optics · Physics 2015-10-28 Olga Smirnova , Yann Mairesse , Serguei Patchkovskii

Despite super-resolution fluorescence blinking microscopes break the diffraction limit, the intense phototoxic illumination and long-term image sequences thus far still pose to major challenges in visualizing live-organisms. Here, we…

Confocal microscopy has long been a cornerstone technique for visualizing complex interactions and processes within cellular structures. However, achieving super-resolution imaging of multiple organelles and their interactions…

Optics · Physics 2025-08-19 Qinglin Chen , Luwei Wang , Jia Li , Dan Shao , Xiaoyu Weng , Liwei Liu , Dayong Jin , Junle Qu

Nonlinear optical phenomena in nanostructured materials have been challenging our perceptions of nonlinear optical processes that have been explored since the invention of lasers. For example, the ability to control optical field…

Imaging beyond the diffraction limit barrier has attracted wide attention due to the ability to resolve image features that were previously hidden. Of the various super-resolution microscopy techniques available, a particularly simple…