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Recently we demonstrated experimentally that microwave oscillators based on the time delay feedback provided by traveling spin waves could operate as reservoir computers. In the present paper, we extend this concept by adding the feature of…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-06-30 Stuart Watt , Mikhail Kostylev , Alexey B. Ustinov , Boris A. Kalinikos

Artificial spin ice systems have opened experimental windows into a range of model magnetic systems through the control of interactions among nanomagnet moments. This control has previously been enabled by altering the nanomagnet size and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-09-15 Susan Kempinger , Yu-Sheng Huang , Paul Lammert , Michael Vogel , Axel Hoffmann , Vincent H. Crespi , Peter Schiffer , Nitin Samarth

Reservoir computing is a highly efficient machine learning framework for processing temporal data by extracting features from the input signal and mapping them into higher dimensional spaces. Physical reservoir layers have been realized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Md Razuan Hossain , Ahmed Salah Mohamed , Nicholas Xavier Armendarez , Joseph S. Najem , Md Sakib Hasan

To design fast memory devices, we need material combinations which can facilitate fast read and write operation. We present a heterostructure comprising a two-dimensional (2D) magnet and a 2D topological insulator (TI) as a viable option…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-03-31 Sabyasachi Tiwari , Maarten L. Van de Put , Kristiaan Temst , William G. Vandenberghe , Bart Soree

In this study, we have shown autonomous long-term prediction with a spintronic physical reservoir. Due to the short-term memory property of the magnetization dynamics, non-linearity arises in the reservoir states which could be used for…

We analyse an associative memory based on a ferrofluid, consisting of a system of magnetic nano-particles suspended in a carrier fluid of variable viscosity subject to patterns of magnetic fields from an array of input and output magnetic…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2013-11-27 R. Palm , V. Korenivski

Reservoir Computing is a type of recursive neural network commonly used for recognizing and predicting spatio-temporal events relying on a complex hierarchy of nested feedback loops to generate a memory functionality. The Reservoir…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-02-05 George Bourianoff , Daniele Pinna , Matthias Sitte , Karin Everschor-Sitte

In this work, we explore a kind of geometrical effect in the thermodynamics of artificial spin ices (ASI). In general, such artificial materials are athermal. Here, We demonstrate that geometrically driven dynamics in ASI can open up the…

The balance between low power consumption and high efficiency in memory devices is a major limiting factor in the development of new technologies. Magnetic random access memories (MRAM) based on CoFeB/MgO magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs)…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-08-24 Andrea Meo , Roman Chepulskyy , Dmytro Apalkov , Roy W. Chantrell , Richard F. L. Evans

A macroscopic square artificial spin ice, or macro-ASI, is a collection of bar magnets placed in a square lattice arrangement. Each magnet is supported by hinges that allow their mechanical rotation. Previous investigations in these…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-01-20 L. Scafuri , D. A. Bozhko , E. Iacocca

Magnetricity- the magnetic equivalent of electricity- was recently verified experimentally for the first time. Indeed, just as the stream of electric charges produces electric current, emergent magnetic monopoles have been observed to roam…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-04-17 R. P. Loreto , L. A. Morais , R. C. Silva , F. S. Nascimento , C. I. L. de Araujo , L. A. S. Mól , W. A. Moura-Melo , A. R. Pereira

Artificial particle ices are model systems of constrained, interacting particles. They have been introduced theoretically to study ice-manifolds emergent from frustration, along with domain wall and grain boundary dynamics, doping,…

Reservoir computing is a neuromorphic architecture that potentially offers viable solutions to the growing energy costs of machine learning. In software-based machine learning, neural network properties and performance can be readily…

In this study, we numerically evaluate the learning performance of a vortex spin-torque oscillator with a modified free layer, called a modified VSTO (m-VSTO), in which an additional layer (AL) of smaller radius is stacked on the free…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Kota Horizumi , Takahiro Chiba , Takashi Komine

We realize a three-dimensional artificial spin ice of disconnected nanomagnets interacting solely via dipolar coupling, patterned on square pyramids. This Pyramid artificial spin ice, with both tilted and in-plane nanomagnets, supports…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Luca Berchialla , Gavin M. Macauley , Flavien Museur , Anja Weber , Laura J. Heyderman

We investigate numerically the micromagnetic properties and the low-energy physics of an artificial square spin system in which the nanomagnets are physically connected at the lattice vertices. Micromagnetic simulations reveal that the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-07-03 Yann Perrin , Benjamin Canals , Nicolas Rougemaille

Recently, a new memory effect was found in the metamagnetic domain structure of the diluted Ising antiferromagnet $Fe_x Mg_{1-x} Cl_2$ by domain imaging with Faraday contrast. Essential for this effect is the dipole interaction. We simulate…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-22 U. Nowak , A. Hucht

The realization and study of arrays of interacting magnetic nanoislands, such as artificial spin ices, have reached mature levels of control that allow design and demonstration of exotic, collective behaviors not seen in natural materials.…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2021-11-18 Francesco Caravelli , Cristiano Nisoli

Artificial spin ices are engineered arrays of dipolarly coupled nanobar magnets. They enable direct investigations of fascinating collective phenomena from their diverse microstates. However, experimental access to ground states in the…

The feasibility of reservoir computing based on dipole-coupled nanomagnets is demonstrated using micro-magnetic simulations. The reservoir consists of an 2x10 array of nanomagnets. The static-magnetization directions of the nanomagnets are…