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The prospect of all electrically controlled writing of ferromagnetic bits is highly desirable for developing scalable and energy-efficient spintronics devices. In the present work, we perform micromagnetic simulations to investigate the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-06-19 Avinash Chaurasiya , Manish Anand , Rajdeep Singh Rawat

We use the sixteen vertex model to describe bi-dimensional artificial spin ice (ASI). We find excellent agreement between vertex densities in fifteen differently grown samples and the predictions of the model. Our results demonstrate that…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-10-01 Demian Levis , Leticia F. Cugliandolo , Laura Foini , Marco Tarzia

Physical reservoir computing is a type of recurrent neural network that applies the dynamical response from physical systems to information processing. However, the relation between computation performance and physical parameters/phenomena…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-11-13 Terufumi Yamaguchi , Nozomi Akashi , Kohei Nakajima , Hitoshi Kubota , Sumito Tsunegi , Tomohiro Taniguchi

Artificial ices enable the study of geometrical frustration by design and through direct observation. However, it has proven difficult to achieve tailored long-range ordering of their diverse configurations, limiting both fundamental and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-05-23 Yong-Lei Wang , Zhi-Li Xiao , Alexey Snezhko , Jing Xu , Leonidas E. Ocola , Ralu Divan , John E. Pearson , George W. Crabtree , Wai-Kwong Kwok

This paper investigates the impact of thermal stability relaxation in double-barrier magnetic tunnel junctions (DMTJs) for energy-efficient spin-transfer torque magnetic random access memories (STT-MRAMs) operating at the liquid nitrogen…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Esteban Garzón , Raffaele De Rose , Felice Crupi , Lionel Trojman , Adam Teman , Marco Lanuzza

Artificial spin ices are metamaterials that can host several ferromagnetic resonances as well as spin waves. As the field advances towards the creation of three-dimensional geometries, a trilayer square artificial spin ice has been already…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-03-13 V. Vanga , G. Alatteili , E. Iacocca

Advances in artificial intelligence are driven by technologies inspired by the brain, but these technologies are orders of magnitude less powerful and energy efficient than biological systems. Inspired by the nonlinear dynamics of neural…

Artificial spin ice (ASI) are nanomagnetic metamaterials exhibiting a wide range of emergent properties, which have recently shown promise for neuromorphic computing. However, the lack of efficient protocols to control the state evolution…

Magnetic analogue of an isolated free electric charge, i.e., a magnet with a single north or south pole, is a long sought-after particle which remains elusive so far. In magnetically frustrated pyrochlore solids, a classical analogue of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-07-02 N. Keswani , R. Lopes , Y. Nakajima , R. Singh , N. Chauhan , T. Som , S. Kumar , A. R. Pereira , P. Das

A numerical analysis on the computational capability of physical reservoir computing utilizing a spin-torque oscillator with two free layers is reported. Conventional spintronics devices usually consist of two ferromagnets, where the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-02-09 Terufumi Yamaguchi , Sumito Tsunegi , Kohei Nakajima , Tomohiro Taniguchi

The surface state of a 3D topological insulator (3DTI) is a spin-momentum locked conductive state, whose large spin hall angle can be used for the energy-efficient spin orbit torque based switching of an overlying ferromagnet (FM).…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-12-20 Hamed Vakili , Samiran Ganguly , George J. de Coster , Mahesh R. Neupane , Avik W. Ghosh

Future applications of spin-orbit torque will require new mechanisms to improve the efficiency for switching nanoscale magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs), while also controlling the magnetic dynamics to achieve fast, nanosecond scale…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-02-07 Shengjie Shi , Yongxi Ou , S. V. Aradhya , D. C. Ralph , R. A. Buhrman

Artificial spin ices are arrays of correlated nano-scale magnetic islands that prove an excellent playground in which to study the role of topology in critical phenomena. Here, we investigate a continuum of spin ice geometries,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-04-08 Gavin M. Macauley , Gary W. Paterson , Yue Li , Rair Macêdo , Stephen McVitie , Robert L. Stamps

We investigate spin dynamics of artificial spin ice (ASI) where topological defects confine magnon modes in Ni$_{81}$Fe$_{19}$ nanomagnets arranged on an interconnected kagome lattice. Brillouin light scattering microscopy performed on…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-09-16 V. S. Bhat , S. Watanabe , K. Baumgaertl , D. Grundler

Accumulating evidences show that the cerebral cortex is operating near a critical state featured by power-law size distribution of neural avalanche activities, yet evidence of this critical state in artificial neural networks mimicking the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-05-18 Liang Wang , Huawei Fan , Jinghua Xiao , Yueheng Lan , Xingang Wang

The reservoir computing based on the thin film embedded with magnetic impurities in the presence of the long-range (the dipole-dipole) interaction is numerically investigated. We simulated the magnetization dynamics by taking into account…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-05-05 Shuto Kamakura , Tomi Ohtsuki , Jun-ichiro Ohe

Analyzing the magnetic structure factor of a field demagnetized artificial square ice, qualitative deviations from what would predict the square ice model are observed. Combining micromagnetic and Monte Carlo simulations, we demonstrate…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-03-10 O. Brunn , Y. Perrin , B. Canals , N. Rougemaille

Artificial spin ice systems are metamaterials composed of interacting nanomagnets arranged on a lattice, exhibiting geometrical frustration and emergent phenomena such as monopole excitations. We explore magnetization dynamics and monopole…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-03-28 Julia Frank , Johan van Lierop , Robert L. Stamps

Artificial spin-ice systems, consisting of arrays of interacting ferromagnetic nanoelements, offer a versatile platform for reconfigurable magnonics with potential in GHz logic and neuromorphic computing. However, weak dipolar coupling…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-11-25 Syamlal Sankaran Kunnath , Mateusz Zelent , Mathieu Moalic , Maciej Krawczyk

Reservoir computing is a recent trend in neural networks which uses the dynamical perturbations on the phase space of a system to compute a desired target function. We present how one can formulate an expectation of system performance in a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2014-09-02 Alireza Goudarzi , Darko Stefanovic