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To widen their accessibility and increase their utility, intelligent agents must be able to learn complex behaviors as specified by (non-expert) human users. Moreover, they will need to learn these behaviors within a reasonable amount of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-13 Dilip Arumugam , Jun Ki Lee , Sophie Saskin , Michael L. Littman

Large Language Models (LLMs) are trained and aligned to follow natural language instructions with only a handful of examples, and they are prompted as task-driven autonomous agents to adapt to various sources of execution environments.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Yang Su

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in visual understanding, yet they remain limited in complex, multi-step reasoning that requires deep searching and integrating visual evidence with external…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Xiangyu Peng , Can Qin , An Yan , Xinyi Yang , Zeyuan Chen , Ran Xu , Chien-Sheng Wu

The development of autonomous agents increasingly relies on Multimodal Language Models (MLMs) to perform tasks described in natural language with GUI environments, such as websites, desktop computers, or mobile phones. Existing benchmarks…

Autonomous graphical user interface (GUI) agents powered by multimodal large language models have shown great promise. However, a critical yet underexplored issue persists: over-execution, where the agent executes tasks in a fully…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Pengzhou Cheng , Zheng Wu , Zongru Wu , Aston Zhang , Zhuosheng Zhang , Gongshen Liu

Designing protocols enhancing cooperation for multi-agent systems remains a grand challenge. Cheap talk, defined as costless, non-binding communication before formal action, serves as a pivotal solution. However, existing theoretical…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Zhao Song , Chen Shen , Zhen Wang , The Anh Han

Building agents that autonomously operate mobile devices has attracted increasing attention. While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) show promise, most existing approaches rely on direct state-to-action mappings, which lack structured reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Zhe Wu , Hongjin Lu , Junliang Xing , Changhao Zhang , Yuxuan Li , Yin Zhu , Yuhao Yang , Yuheng Jing , Kai Li , Kun Shao , Jianye Hao , Jun Wang , Yuanchun Shi

In this work, we consider the problem of computing optimal actions for Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents in a co-operative setting, where the objective is to optimize a common goal. However, in many real-life applications, in addition to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-01-08 P. Parnika , Raghuram Bharadwaj Diddigi , Sai Koti Reddy Danda , Shalabh Bhatnagar

Multi-agent behavior modeling aims to understand the interactions that occur between agents. We present a multi-agent dataset from behavioral neuroscience, the Caltech Mouse Social Interactions (CalMS21) Dataset. Our dataset consists of…

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are evolving from passive observers into active agents, solving problems through Visual Expansion (invoking visual tools) and Knowledge Expansion (open-web search). However, existing evaluations fall…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Qianshan Wei , Yishan Yang , Siyi Wang , Jinglin Chen , Binyu Wang , Jiaming Wang , Shuang Chen , Zechen Li , Yang Shi , Yuqi Tang , Weining Wang , Yi Yu , Chaoyou Fu , Qi Li , Yi-Fan Zhang

Leveraging large language models (LLMs), autonomous agents have significantly improved, gaining the ability to handle a variety of tasks. In open-ended settings, optimizing collaboration for efficiency and effectiveness demands flexible…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Jiaqi Chen , Yuxian Jiang , Jiachen Lu , Li Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized the simulation of agent societies, enabling autonomous planning, memory formation, and social interactions. However, existing frameworks often overlook systematic evaluations for event…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Yuyang Tian , Shunqiang Mao , Wenchang Gao , Lanlan Qiu , Tianxing He

Web agents--autonomous systems that navigate and execute tasks on the web on behalf of users--have the potential to transform how people interact with the digital world. However, the most capable web agents today rely on proprietary models…

Social simulation provides a compelling testbed for studying social intelligence, where agents interact through multi-turn dialogues under evolving contexts and strategically adapting opponents. Such environments are inherently…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Xiang Li , Liping Yi , Mingze Kong , Min Zhang , Zhongxiang Dai , QingHua Hu

When engaging in collaborative tasks, humans efficiently exploit the semantic structure of a conversation to optimize verbal and nonverbal interactions. But in recent "language to code" or "language to action" models, this information is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Akshay Chaturvedi , Kate Thompson , Nicholas Asher

Multi-agent systems powered by large language models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across diverse domains, yet existing automated design approaches seek monolithic solutions that fail to adapt resource allocation based on query…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Bo Ma , Hang Li , ZeHua Hu , XiaoFan Gui , LuYao Liu , Simon Liu

Embodied intelligence requires high-fidelity simulation environments to support perception and decision-making, yet existing platforms often suffer from data contamination and limited flexibility. To mitigate this, we propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Lechao Zhang , Haoran Xu , Jingyu Gong , Xuhong Wang , Yuan Xie , Xin Tan

Recent studies have demonstrated Large Language Models (LLMs) can extend their zero-shot generalization capabilities to multimodal learning through instruction tuning. As more modalities and downstream tasks are introduced, negative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Zeren Chen , Ziqin Wang , Zhen Wang , Huayang Liu , Zhenfei Yin , Si Liu , Lu Sheng , Wanli Ouyang , Yu Qiao , Jing Shao

The automation of factories and manufacturing processes has been accelerating over the past few years, boosted by the Industry 4.0 paradigm, including diverse scenarios with mobile, flexible agents. Efficient coordination between mobile…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Federico Mason , Federico Chiariotti , Andrea Zanella , Petar Popovski

Autonomous Earth Observation (EO) agents are transitioning from passive perception to complex, multi-step task execution. However, current architectures that integrate planning and execution within a single model often struggle with…