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Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences is inherently multi-objective: different users and evaluation criteria impose heterogeneous and often conflicting requirements on model outputs. We propose CAGE (Common-Agency…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Baiting Chen , Tong Zhu , Rui Yu , Xiaowu Dai

In this paper, we consider both finite and infinite horizon discounted dynamic mean-field games where there is a large population of homogeneous players sequentially making strategic decisions and each player is affected by other players…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Deepanshu Vasal

Methods for building fair predictors often involve tradeoffs between fairness and accuracy and between different fairness criteria, but the nature of these tradeoffs varies. Recent work seeks to characterize these tradeoffs in specific…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-09-02 Alan Mishler , Edward Kennedy

Creating an effective representation space is crucial for mitigating the curse of dimensionality, enhancing model generalization, addressing data sparsity, and leveraging classical models more effectively. Recent advancements in automated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Ehtesamul Azim , Dongjie Wang , Kunpeng Liu , Wei Zhang , Yanjie Fu

We initiate the study of game dynamics in the population protocol model: $n$ agents each maintain a current local strategy and interact in pairs uniformly at random. Upon each interaction, the agents play a two-person game and receive a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Dan Alistarh , Krishnendu Chatterjee , Mehrdad Karrabi , John Lazarsfeld

This paper examines equilibria in dynamic two-sided matching games, extending Gale and Shapley's foundational model to a non-cooperative, decentralized, and dynamic framework. We focus on markets where agents have utility functions and…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-12-02 Nadia Guiñazú , Pablo Neme , Jorge Oviedo

This paper studies a general class of stochastic population processes in which agents interact with one another over a network. Agents update their behaviors in a random and decentralized manner according to a policy that depends only on…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-07-21 Anirudh Sridhar , Soummya Kar

It is well-known that acting in an individually rational manner, according to the principles of classical game theory, may lead to sub-optimal solutions in a class of problems named social dilemmas. In contrast, humans generally do not have…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-01-16 Steven de Jong , Simon Uyttendaele , Karl Tuyls

Multiagent reinforcement learning algorithms have not been widely adopted in large scale environments with many agents as they often scale poorly with the number of agents. Using mean field theory to aggregate agents has been proposed as a…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Sriram Ganapathi Subramanian , Matthew E. Taylor , Mark Crowley , Pascal Poupart

Particles and fields are standard components in numerical simulations like transport simulations in nuclear physics and have very well understood dynamics. Still, a common problem is the interaction between particles and fields due to their…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-04-16 Christian Wesp , Hendrik van Hees , Alex Meistrenko , Carsten Greiner

Rich out of equilibrium collective dynamics of strongly interacting large assemblies emerge in many areas of science. Some intriguing and not fully understood examples are the glassy arrest in atomic, molecular or colloidal systems,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-05-03 Leticia F. Cugliandolo

Mean Field Game (MFG) models implicitly assume "rational expectations", meaning that the heterogeneous agents being modeled correctly know all relevant transition probabilities for the complex system they inhabit. When there is common…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-02-26 Benjamin Moll , Lenya Ryzhik

Computing equilibria of games is a central task in computer science. A large number of results are known for \emph{Nash equilibrium} (NE). However, these can be adopted only when coalitions are not an issue. When instead agents can form…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-11-20 Nicola Gatti , Marco Rocco , Tuomas Sandholm

Algorithmic trading in modern financial markets is widely acknowledged to exhibit strategic, game-theoretic behaviors whose complexity can be difficult to model. A recent series of papers (Chriss, 2024b,c,a, 2025) has made progress in the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Michael Kearns , Mirah Shi

In this book, we present a curated collection of existing results on inverse problems for Mean Field Games (MFGs), a cutting-edge and rapidly evolving field of research. Our aim is to provide fresh insights, novel perspectives, and a…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-03-20 Hongyu Liu , Catharine W. K. Lo , Shen Zhang

In recent years, reinforcement learning and its multi-agent analogue have achieved great success in solving various complex control problems. However, multi-agent reinforcement learning remains challenging both in its theoretical analysis…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Kai Cui , Mengguang Li , Christian Fabian , Heinz Koeppl

The advent of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has significantly advanced the field of robotics, particularly in the control and coordination of quadruped robots. However, the complexity of real-world tasks often necessitates the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Ziyan Xiong , Bo Chen , Shiyu Huang , Wei-Wei Tu , Zhaofeng He , Yang Gao

Motivated by the question of how a principal can maximize its utility in repeated interactions with a learning agent, we study repeated games between an principal and an agent employing a mean-based learning algorithm. Prior work has shown…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Nivasini Ananthakrishnan , Yuval Dagan , Kunhe Yang

Coarse correlated equilibria (CCE) are a good alternative to Nash equilibria (NE), as they arise more naturally as outcomes of learning algorithms and they may exhibit higher payoffs than NE. CCEs include a device which allows players'…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-08 Luciano Campi , Federico Cannerozzi , Fanny Cartellier

We investigate spatially flat isotropic cosmological models which contain a scalar field with an exponential potential and a perfect fluid with a linear equation of state. We include an interaction term, through which the energy of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Andrew P. Billyard , Alan A. Coley