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Requirements traceability is an essential step in ensuring the quality of software during the early stages of its development life cycle. Requirements tracing usually consists of document parsing, candidate link generation and evaluation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-06-30 Najla Al-Saati , Raghda Abdul-Jaleel

Large Language Models (LLMs) changed the way we design and interact with software systems. Their ability to process and extract information from text has drastically improved productivity in a number of routine tasks. Developers that want…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Federico Errica , Giuseppe Siracusano , Davide Sanvito , Roberto Bifulco

Requirement traceability is the process of identifying the inter-dependencies between requirements. It poses a significant challenge when conducted manually, especially when dealing with requirements at various levels of abstraction. In…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Baher Mohammad , Riad Sonbol , Ghaida Rebdawi

Generating low-level robot task plans from high-level natural language instructions remains a challenging problem. Although large language models have shown promising results in generating plans, the accuracy of the output remains…

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has become a key technique for enhancing large language models (LLMs), with verification engineering playing a central role. However, best practices for RL in instruction following…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Hao Peng , Yunjia Qi , Xiaozhi Wang , Bin Xu , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

Requirements traceability plays an important role in ensuring software quality and responding to changes in requirements. Requirements trace links (such as the links between requirements and other software artifacts) underpin the modeling…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Ye Wang , Wenqing Wang , Kun Hu , Qiao Huang , Liping Zhao

Large Language Model (LLM)-based code assistants have emerged as a powerful application of generative AI, demonstrating impressive capabilities in code generation and comprehension. A key requirement for these systems is their ability to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Itay Dreyfuss , Antonio Abu Nassar , Samuel Ackerman , Axel Ben David , Eitan Farchi , Rami Katan , Orna Raz , Marcel Zalmanovici

Traceability, the ability to trace relevant software artifacts to support reasoning about the quality of the software and its development process, plays a crucial role in requirements and software engineering, particularly for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Jin L. C. Guo , Jan-Philipp Steghöfer , Andreas Vogelsang , Jane Cleland-Huang

Instruction-following is essential for aligning large language models (LLMs) with user intent. While recent reasoning-oriented models exhibit impressive performance on complex mathematical problems, their ability to adhere to natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Tingchen Fu , Jiawei Gu , Yafu Li , Xiaoye Qu , Yu Cheng

Following natural instructions is crucial for the effective application of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems. Despite recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs), research on assessing and improving instruction-following…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Guanting Dong , Xiaoshuai Song , Yutao Zhu , Runqi Qiao , Zhicheng Dou , Ji-Rong Wen

We investigate the feasibility of using a classifier for security-related requirements trained on requirement specifications available online. This is helpful in case different requirement types are not differentiated in a large existing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-04-01 Mazen Mohamad , Jan-Philipp Steghöfer , Riccardo Scandariato

Advances in training, post-training, and inference-time methods have enabled frontier reasoning models to win gold medals in math competitions and settle challenging open problems. Gaining trust in the responses of these models requires…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Aaditya Naik , Guruprerana Shabadi , Rajeev Alur , Mayur Naik

Advancements in large language models (LLMs) have led to a surge of prompt engineering (PE) techniques that can enhance various requirements engineering (RE) tasks. However, current LLMs are often characterized by significant uncertainty…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Kaicheng Huang , Fanyu Wang , Yutan Huang , Chetan Arora

We present SciRIFF (Scientific Resource for Instruction-Following and Finetuning), a dataset of 137K instruction-following instances for training and evaluation, covering 54 tasks. These tasks span five core scientific literature…

Large Language Models (LLMs) face threats from jailbreak prompts. Existing methods for detecting jailbreak prompts are primarily online moderation APIs or finetuned LLMs. These strategies, however, often require extensive and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Yueqi Xie , Minghong Fang , Renjie Pi , Neil Gong

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly relied upon for complex workflows, yet their ability to maintain flow of instructions remains underexplored. Existing benchmarks conflate task complexity with structural ordering, making it…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Andrew Jaffe , Noah Reicin , Jinho D. Choi

The automatic evaluation of instruction following typically involves using large language models (LLMs) to assess response quality. However, there is a lack of comprehensive evaluation of these LLM-based evaluators across two dimensions:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Yixin Liu , Kejian Shi , Alexander R. Fabbri , Yilun Zhao , Peifeng Wang , Chien-Sheng Wu , Shafiq Joty , Arman Cohan

The ability of large language models (LLMs) to follow instructions is crucial to real-world applications. Despite recent advances, several studies have highlighted that LLMs struggle when faced with challenging instructions, especially…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Haoran Sun , Lixin Liu , Junjie Li , Fengyu Wang , Baohua Dong , Ran Lin , Ruohui Huang

Modern Language Models (LMs) are capable of following long and complex instructions that enable a large and diverse set of user requests. While Information Retrieval (IR) models use these LMs as the backbone of their architectures,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Orion Weller , Benjamin Chang , Sean MacAvaney , Kyle Lo , Arman Cohan , Benjamin Van Durme , Dawn Lawrie , Luca Soldaini

Ensuring large language models' (LLMs) responses align with prompt instructions is crucial for application development. Based on our formative study with industry professionals, the alignment requires heavy human involvement and tedious…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Ishika Joshi , Simra Shahid , Shreeya Venneti , Manushree Vasu , Yantao Zheng , Yunyao Li , Balaji Krishnamurthy , Gromit Yeuk-Yin Chan