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Van der Waals heterostructures formed by stacking different atomically thin layered materials have emerged as the sought-after device platform for electronic and optoelectronic applications. Determining the spatial extent of all the…
A method for subsurface visualization and characterization of hidden subsurface nano-structures based on Scanning Tuneling Microscopy/Spectroscopy (STM/STS) has been developed. The nano-objects buried under a metal surface up to several…
The coherence of quantum dot qubits fabricated in semiconductors is often limited by charge noise from defects in gate dielectrics, which are material- and process-dependent. Characterizing these defects is an important step towards…
The living body is composed of innumerable fine and complex structures and although these structures have been studied in the past, a vast amount of information pertaining to them still remains unknown. When attempting to observe these…
Piezoresponse Force Microscopy (PFM) is one of the most widespread methods for investigating and visualizing ferroelectric domain structures down to the nanometer length scale. PFM makes use of the direct coupling of the piezoelectric…
The ongoing development of single electron, nano and atomic scale semiconductor devices would benefit greatly from a characterization tool capable of detecting single electron charging events with high spatial resolution, at low…
To achieve quantitative interpretation of Piezoresponse Force Microscopy (PFM), including resolution limits, tip bias- and strain-induced phenomena and spectroscopy, analytical representations for tip-induced electroelastic fields inside…
Forces acting between an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) tip and sample are three dimensional. Despite this, most AFM force measurements are confined to one or two dimensions. Extending AFM force measurements into three dimensions has…
Extraordinary physical properties arise at polar interfaces in oxide materials, including the emergence of two-dimensional electron gases, sheet-superconductivity, and multiferroicity. A special type of polar interface are ferroelectric…
Fundamental mechanisms of energy storage, corrosion, sensing, and multiple biological functionalities are directly coupled to electrical processes and ionic dynamics at solid-liquid interfaces. In many cases, these processes are spatially…
Three-dimensional electron diffraction (3D ED) has emerged as a powerful method for solving the structures of sub-micron-sized particles down to nanoparticles. However, it faces technical challenges when applied to beam-sensitive samples or…
The fusion of rigorous physical laws with flexible data-driven learning represents a new frontier in scientific simulation, yet bridging the gap between physical interpretability and computational efficiency remains a grand challenge. In…
We show that a near-field scanning thermal microscope, which essentially detects the local density of states of the thermally excited electromagnetic modes at nanometer distances from some material, can be employed for nanoscale imaging of…
This comprehensive review discusses the development of scanning electron microscopy and the application of this technology in different fields such as biology, nanobiotechnology and biomedical science. Besides being a tool for high…
Modern nanomaterials contain complexity that spans all three dimensions - from multigate semiconductors to clean energy nanocatalysts to complex block copolymers. For nanoscale characterization, it has been a long-standing goal to observe…
Piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) has been used extensively for exploring nanoscale ferro/piezoelectric phenomena over the past two decades. The imaging mechanism of PFM is based on the detection of the electromechanical (EM) response…
The appearance of direct electron detectors marked a new era for electron diffraction. Their high sensitivity and low noise opens the possibility to extend electron diffraction from transmission electron microscopes (TEM) to lower energies…
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is a widely employed tool for micro-/nanoscale topographic imaging. However, conventional AFM scanning struggles to reconstruct complex 3D micro-/nanostructures precisely due to limitations such as incomplete…
In the quest for dynamic multimodal probing of a material's structure and functionality, it is critical to be able to quantify the chemical state on the atomic and nanoscale using element specific electronic and structurally sensitive tools…
The application of PhotoEmission Electron Microscopy (PEEM) and Low Energy Electron Microscopy (LEEM) techniques to the study of the electronic and chemical structure of ferroelectric materials is reviewed. Electron optics in both…