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A partial complement of the graph $G$ is a graph obtained from $G$ by complementing all the edges in one of its induced subgraphs. We study the following algorithmic question: for a given graph $G$ and graph class $\mathcal{G}$, is there a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Fedor V. Fomin , Petr A. Golovach , Torstein J. F. Strømme , Dimitrios M. Thilikos

A countable graph is ultrahomogeneous if every isomorphism between finite induced subgraphs can be extended to an automorphism. Woodrow and Lachlan showed that there are essentially four types of such countably infinite graphs: the random…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2017-01-30 J. Jonušas , J. D. Mitchell

For a simple graph $G$, denote by $n$, $\Delta(G)$, and $\chi'(G)$ its order, maximum degree, and chromatic index, respectively. A connected class 2 graph $G$ is edge-chromatic critical if $\chi'(G-e)<\Delta(G)+1$ for every edge $e$ of $G$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-10 Yan Cao , Guantao Chen , Songling Shan

A graph $G$ is said to be perfectly divisible if for every induced subgraph $H$ of $G$ with at least one edge, the vertex set $V(H)$ can be partitioned into two sets $A, B$ such that $H[A]$ is perfect and $\omega(B) < \omega(H)$. It is easy…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Hongzhang Chen , Kaiyang Lan , Wenlong Zhong

An automorphism of a graph is called quasi-semiregular if it fixes a unique vertex of the graph and its remaining cycles have the same length. This kind of symmetry of graphs was first investigated by Kutnar, Malni\v{c}, Mart\'{i}nez and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-02 Fu-Gang Yin , Yan-Quan Feng , Jin-Xin Zhou , A-Hui Jia

There are several different extensions of the Tutte polynomial to graphs embedded in surfaces. To help frame the different options, here we consider the problem of extending the Tutte polynomial to cellularly embedded graphs starting from…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-24 Iain Moffatt

The distinguishing number $\operatorname D(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the least cardinal $d$ such that $G$ has a labeling with $d$ labels which is only preserved by the trivial automorphism. We show that the distinguishing number of infinite,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-11-19 Johannes Cuno , Wilfried Imrich , Florian Lehner

We continue studying Thomassen's conjecture (every 4-connected line graph has a Hamilton cycle) in the direction of a recently shown equivalence with Jackson's conjecture (every 2-connected claw-free graph has a Tutte cycle), and we extend…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-11 Adam Kabela , Zdeněk Ryjáček , Petr Vrána

A graph is Berge if it has no induced odd cycle on at least 5 vertices and no complement of induced odd cycle on at least 5 vertices. A graph is perfect if the chromatic number equals the maximum clique number for every induced subgraph.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-09-10 Michel Burlet , Frédéric Maffray , Nicolas Trotignon

Extending the work of Alon, Frieze abnd Welsh, we show that there are randomized polynomial time approximation schemes for computing the Tutte polynomial in subdense graphs with an minimal node degree of $\Omega\left ( \frac{n}{\sqrt{\log…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Mathias Hauptmann , Ronja Tiling

We consider the class ${\cal A}$ of graphs that contain no odd hole, no antihole, and no "prism" (a graph consisting of two disjoint triangles with three disjoint paths between them). We prove that every graph $G\in{\cal A}$ different from…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-09-03 Frédéric Maffray , Nicolas Trotignon

The independent domination number $i(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the minimum cardinality of a maximal independent set of $G$, also called an $i(G)$-set. The $i$-graph of $G$ is the graph whose vertices correspond to the $i(G)$-sets, and where two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-05-30 Richard Brewster , Kieka Mynhardt , Laura Teshima

An equitable coloring is a proper coloring of a graph such that the sizes of the color classes differ by at most one. A graph $G$ is equitably $k$-colorable if there exists an equitable coloring of $G$ which uses $k$ colors, each one…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-03-21 Hemanshu Kaul , Jeffrey A. Mudrock , Michael J. Pelsmajer

An abstract topological graph (briefly an AT-graph) is a pair $A=(G,\mathcal{X})$ where $G=(V,E)$ is a graph and $\mathcal{X}\subseteq {E \choose 2}$ is a set of pairs of its edges. The AT-graph $A$ is simply realizable if $G$ can be drawn…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-16 Jan Kynčl

This paper surveys a comprehensive, although not exhaustive, sampling of graph polynomials with the goal of providing a brief overview of a variety of techniques defining a graph polynomial and then for decoding the combinatorial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-07-01 Joanna Ellis-Monaghan , Criel Merino

Given a graph $G$, the graph $[G]$ obtained by adding, for each pair of vertices of $G$, a unique vertex adjacent to both vertices is called the binding graph of $G$. In this work, we show that the class of binding graphs is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-27 Rui Xue

We provide an upper bound to the number of graph homomorphisms from $G$ to $H$, where $H$ is a fixed graph with certain properties, and $G$ varies over all $N$-vertex, $d$-regular graphs. This result generalizes a recently resolved…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-10-26 Yufei Zhao

Over 50 years ago, Lov\'{a}sz proved that two graphs are isomorphic if and only if they admit the same number of homomorphisms from any graph [Acta Math. Hungar. 18 (1967), pp. 321--328]. In this work we prove that two graphs are quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-22 Laura Mančinska , David E. Roberson

A mixed graph $G$ is a graph obtained from a simple undirected graph by orientating a subset of edges. $G$ is self-converse if it is isomorphic to the graph obtained from $G$ by reversing each directed edge. For two mixed graphs $G$ and $H$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-12-02 Wei Wang , Lihong Qiu , Jianguo Qian , Wei Wang

In this study, we present two results that relate Tutte polynomials. First, we provide new and complete polynomial invariants for graphs. We note that the number of variables of our polynomials is one. Second, let L_1 and L_2 be two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-10-06 Misaki Kume , Tsuyoshi Miezaki , Tadashi Sakuma , Hidehiro Shinohara