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Mean-field games (MFG) provide a statistical physics inspired modeling framework for decision making in large-populations of strategic, non-cooperative agents. Mathematically, these systems consist of a forward-backward in time system of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-05-10 Ali Akbar Rezaei Lori , Piyush Grover

Mean field games formalize dynamic games with a continuum of players and explicit interaction where the players can have heterogeneous states. As they additionally yield approximate equilibria of corresponding $N$-player games, they are of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-01-09 Berenice Anne Neumann

In this paper we study a class of matrix-valued linear-quadratic mean-field-type games for both the risk-neutral, risk-sensitive and robust cases. Non-cooperation, full cooperation and adversarial between teams are treated. We provide a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-06-06 Julian Barreiro-Gomez , Tyrone E. Duncan , Hamidou Tembine

Mean Field Game (MFG) models implicitly assume "rational expectations", meaning that the heterogeneous agents being modeled correctly know all relevant transition probabilities for the complex system they inhabit. When there is common…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-02-26 Benjamin Moll , Lenya Ryzhik

In this work, we systematically investigate mean field games and mean field type control problems with multiple populations using a coupled system of forward-backward stochastic differential equations of McKean-Vlasov type stemming from…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-11-03 Masaaki Fujii

In this paper, we consider mean-field games where the interaction of each player with the mean-field takes into account not only the states of the players but also their collective behavior, To do so, we develop a random variable framework…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-06-23 Diogo A. Gomes , Vardan K. Voskanyan

This paper studies mean field game (MFG) of controls by featuring the joint distribution of the state and the control with the reflected state process along an exogenous stochastic reflection boundary. We contribute to the literature with a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-10 Lijun Bo , Jingfei Wang , Xiang Yu

We consider Mean Field Games without idiosyncratic but with Brownian type common noise. We introduce a notion of solutions of the associated backward-forward system of stochastic partial differential equations. We show that the solution…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-09-28 Pierre Cardaliaguet , Panagiotis Souganidis

We review the recent approaches to modelling financial markets based on multi-agent systems. After a brief summary of the basic stylised facts observed in real-market time-series we discuss some simple agent-based systems which are…

Physics and Society · Physics 2008-12-02 Tobias Galla , Giancarlo Mosetti , Yi-Cheng Zhang

Non-cooperative and cooperative games with a very large number of players have many applications but remain generally intractable when the number of players increases. Introduced by Lasry and Lions, and Huang, Caines and Malham\'e, Mean…

In this article, we introduce a new class of entropy-penalized robust mean field game problems in which the representative agent is opposed to Nature. The agent's objective is formulated as a min-max stochastic control problem, in which…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-27 François Delarue , Pierre Lavigne

We study the forward-backward system of stochastic partial differential equations describing a mean field game for a large population of small players subject to both idiosyncratic and common noise. The unique feature of the problem is that…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-01-14 Pierre Cardaliaguet , Benjamin Seeger , Panagiotis Souganidis

We consider a system of mean field games with local coupling in the deterministic limit. Under general structure conditions on the Hamiltonian and coupling, we prove existence and uniqueness of the weak solution, characterizing this…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-01-09 Pierre Cardaliaguet , Philip Jameson Graber

This paper develops a linear programming approach for mean field games with reflected jump-diffusion dynamics. We first prove the equivalence between the mean field equilibria in the linear programming formulation and those in the weak…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-14 Zongxia Liang , Xiang Yu , Keyu Zhang

Mean Field Games (MFG) are the class of games with a very large number of agents and the standard equilibrium concept is a Mean Field Equilibrium (MFE). Algorithms for learning MFE in dynamic MFGs are unknown in general. Our focus is on an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-02-02 Kiyeob Lee , Desik Rengarajan , Dileep Kalathil , Srinivas Shakkottai

When controlling multi-agent systems, the trade-off between performance and scalability is a major challenge. Here, we address this difficulty by using mean field games (MFGs), which is a framework that deduces the macroscopic dynamics…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-08-06 Daisuke Inoue , Yuji Ito , Takahito Kashiwabara , Norikazu Saito , Hiroaki Yoshida

Multiagent reinforcement learning algorithms have not been widely adopted in large scale environments with many agents as they often scale poorly with the number of agents. Using mean field theory to aggregate agents has been proposed as a…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Sriram Ganapathi Subramanian , Matthew E. Taylor , Mark Crowley , Pascal Poupart

Mean-field game theory relies on approximating games that are intractable to model due to a very large to infinite population of players. While these kinds of games can be solved analytically via the associated system of partial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Anna C. M. Thöni , Yoram Bachrach , Tal Kachman

Scalability remains a challenge in multi-agent reinforcement learning and is currently under active research. A framework named mean-field reinforcement learning (MFRL) could alleviate the scalability problem by employing the Mean Field…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Hao Ma , Zhiqiang Pu , Yi Pan , Boyin Liu , Junlong Gao , Zhenyu Guo

We study mean field games for large non--exchangeable populations with moderate local interactions and common noise. The finite--player system is driven by two complementary interaction mechanisms : a graphon--type structure, which encodes…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-15 Mao Fabrice Djete