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Multimodal language models now integrate text, audio, and video for unified reasoning. Yet existing RL post-training pipelines treat all input signals as equally relevant, ignoring which modalities each task actually requires. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Nikhil Verma , Minjung Kim , JooYoung Yoo , Kyung-Min Jin , Manasa Bharadwaj , Kevin Ferreira , Ko Keun Kim , Youngjoon Kim

Channel tracking in millimeter wave (mmWave) vehicular systems is crucial for maintaining robust vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication links, which can be leveraged to achieve high accuracy vehicle position and orientation tracking…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-10 Yun Chen , Nuria González-Prelcic , Takayuki Shimizu , Chinmay Mahabal

Accurate path loss (PL) modeling is essential for evaluating and optimizing cell-free massive MIMO systems, especially in dense urban environments where traditional models fail to capture the complexity of real-world propagation. This paper…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-01 Thomas Choi , Yuning Zhang , Issei Kanno , Masaaki Ito , Andreas F. Molisch

The air interface technology plays a crucial role in optimizing the communication quality for users. To address the challenges brought by the radio channel variations to air interface design, this article proposes a framework of wireless…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-01 Jianhua Zhang , Yichen Cai , Li Yu , Zhen Zhang , Yuxiang Zhang , Jialin Wang , Tao Jiang , Liang Xia , Ping Zhang

A macrocell superposed by indoor deployed femtocells forms a geography-overlapped and spectrum-shared two tier network, which can efficiently improve coverage and enhance system capacity. It is important for reducing inter-tier co-channel…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2010-08-03 Qinliang su , Aiping Huang , Zhaoyang Zhang , Kai Xu , Jin Yang

This paper presents a novel and efficient wireless channel estimation scheme based on a tapped delay line (TDL) model of wireless signal propagation, where a data-driven machine learning approach is used to estimate the path delays and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Zainab Zaidi , Tansu Alpcan , Christopher Leckie , Sarah Efrain

Accurate beam prediction is essential for mitigating signalling overhead and latency in integrated sensing and communication-enabled massive multi-input multi-output systems. With the aid of multimodal learning, the prediction accuracy can…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-15 Zijian Zheng , Wenqiang Yi , Hyundong Shin , Arumugam Nallanathan

Forecasting the future states of surrounding traffic participants is a crucial capability for autonomous vehicles. The recently proposed occupancy flow field prediction introduces a scalable and effective representation to jointly predict…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Haochen Liu , Zhiyu Huang , Chen Lv

Robot Operating System 2 (ROS 2) is now the de facto standard for robotic communication, pairing UDP transport with the Data Distribution Service (DDS) publish-subscribe middleware. DDS achieves reliability through periodic heartbeats that…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Sanghoon Lee , Hyung-Seok Park , Jiyeong Chae , Kyung-Joon Park

Accurately mapping the radio environment (e.g., identifying wireless signal strength at specific frequency bands and geographic locations) is crucial for efficient spectrum sharing, enabling Secondary Users~(SUs) to access underutilized…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-05 Mukaram Shahid , Kunal Das , Hadia Ushaq , Hongwei Zhang , Jiming Song , Daji Qiao , Sarath Babu , Yong Guan , Zhengyuan Zhu , Arsalan Ahmad

Multi-modal fusion is proven to be an effective method to improve the accuracy and robustness of speaker tracking, especially in complex scenarios. However, how to combine the heterogeneous information and exploit the complementarity of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Yidi Li , Hong Liu , Hao Tang

Multimodal fingerprinting is a crucial technique to sub-meter 6G integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) localization, but two hurdles block deployment: (i) the contribution each modality makes to the target position varies with the…

Methods for accurate prediction of radio signal quality parameters are crucial for optimization of mobile networks, and a necessity for future autonomous driving solutions. The power-distance relation of current empirical models struggles…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-08-19 Jakob Thrane , Benjamin Sliwa , Christian Wietfeld , Henrik Christiansen

Path Loss (PL) is vital to evaluate the performance of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) as Aerial Base Stations (ABSs), particularly in urban environments with complex propagation due to various obstacles. Accurately modeling PL requires a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Abdul Saboor , Zhuangzhuang Cui , Evgenii Vinogradov , Sofie Pollin

Multi-robot exploration of complex, unknown environments benefits from the collaboration and cooperation offered by inter-robot communication. Accurate radio signal strength prediction enables communication-aware exploration. Models which…

Radio path loss prediction (RPP) is critical for optimizing 5G networks and enabling IoT, smart city, and similar applications. However, current deep learning-based RPP methods lack proactive environmental modeling, struggle with realistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Zhijie Zhong , Zhiwen Yu , Pengyu Li , Jianming Lv , C. L. Philip Chen , Min Chen

Semantic communication is emerging as a key enabler for distributed edge intelligence due to its capability to convey task-relevant meaning. However, achieving communication-efficient training and robust inference over wireless links…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Hang Zhao , Hongru Li , Dongfang Xu , Shenghui Song , Khaled B. Letaief

Open-source data offers a scalable and transparent foundation for estimating vehicle activity and emissions in urban regions. In this study, we propose a data-driven framework that integrates MOVES and open-source GPS trajectory data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Lijiao Wang , Muhammad Usama , Haris N. Koutsopoulos , Zhengbing He

The additional degree of freedom (DoF) in the distance domain of near-field communication offers new opportunities for physical layer security (PLS) design. However, existing works mainly consider static eavesdroppers, and the related study…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-27 Yiming Xu , Mingxuan Zheng , Dongfang Xu , Shenghui Song , Daniel Benevides da Costa

Large AI models have been widely adopted in wireless communications for channel modeling, beamforming, and resource optimization. However, most existing efforts remain limited to single-modality inputs and channel-specific objec- tives,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Zhizhen Li , Xuanhao Luo , Xueren Ge , Longyu Zhou , Xingqin Lin , Yuchen Liu