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Machine learning (ML) has made tremendous progress during the past decade and is being adopted in various critical real-world applications. However, recent research has shown that ML models are vulnerable to multiple security and privacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-07 Ahmed Salem , Rui Wen , Michael Backes , Shiqing Ma , Yang Zhang

Current backdoor attacks against federated learning (FL) strongly rely on universal triggers or semantic patterns, which can be easily detected and filtered by certain defense mechanisms such as norm clipping, comparing parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Yanqi Qiao , Dazhuang Liu , Congwen Chen , Rui Wang , Kaitai Liang

Code models are increasingly adopted in software development but remain vulnerable to backdoor attacks via poisoned training data. Existing backdoor attacks on code models face a fundamental trade-off between transferability and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Shuyu Chang , Haiping Huang , Yanjun Zhang , Yujin Huang , Fu Xiao , Leo Yu Zhang

Although 3D point cloud classification has recently been widely deployed in different application scenarios, it is still very vulnerable to adversarial attacks. This increases the importance of robust training of 3D models in the face of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-25 Hanieh Naderi , Kimia Noorbakhsh , Arian Etemadi , Shohreh Kasaei

Recent research on backdoor stealthiness focuses mainly on indistinguishable triggers in input space and inseparable backdoor representations in feature space, aiming to circumvent backdoor defenses that examine these respective spaces.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Xiaoyun Xu , Zhuoran Liu , Stefanos Koffas , Stjepan Picek

Backdoor attacks have become a significant threat to the pre-training and deployment of deep neural networks (DNNs). Although numerous methods for detecting and mitigating backdoor attacks have been proposed, most rely on identifying and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Yige Li , Jiabo He , Hanxun Huang , Jun Sun , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

Adversarial attacks on point clouds are crucial for assessing and improving the adversarial robustness of 3D deep learning models. Traditional solutions strictly limit point displacement during attacks, making it challenging to balance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Keke Tang , Weiyao Ke , Weilong Peng , Xiaofei Wang , Ziyong Du , Zhize Wu , Peican Zhu , Zhihong Tian

Text-to-image diffusion models are increasingly vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where malicious modifications to the training data cause the model to generate unintended outputs when specific triggers are present. While classification…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Abha Jha , Ashwath Vaithinathan Aravindan , Matthew Salaway , Atharva Sandeep Bhide , Duygu Nur Yaldiz

Deep learning (DL) offers potential improvements throughout the CAD tool-flow, one promising application being lithographic hotspot detection. However, DL techniques have been shown to be especially vulnerable to inference and training time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Kang Liu , Benjamin Tan , Gaurav Rajavendra Reddy , Siddharth Garg , Yiorgos Makris , Ramesh Karri

Recent research has highlighted the vulnerability of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) against data poisoning attacks. These attacks aim to inject poisoning samples into the models' training dataset such that the trained models have inference…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Pengfei He , Han Xu , Jie Ren , Yingqian Cui , Hui Liu , Charu C. Aggarwal , Jiliang Tang

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), the third generation neural networks, are known for their low energy consumption and high robustness. SNNs are developing rapidly and can compete with Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) in many fields. To…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Lingxin Jin , Meiyu Lin , Wei Jiang , Jinyu Zhan

Recent studies have revealed that deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where attackers embed hidden backdoors in the DNN model by poisoning a few training samples. The attacked model behaves normally on benign…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-09 Kunzhe Huang , Yiming Li , Baoyuan Wu , Zhan Qin , Kui Ren

One intriguing property of deep neural networks (DNNs) is their inherent vulnerability to backdoor attacks -- a trojan model responds to trigger-embedded inputs in a highly predictable manner while functioning normally otherwise. Despite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-11 Zhaohan Xi , Ren Pang , Shouling Ji , Ting Wang

Following the recent adoption of deep neural networks (DNN) accross a wide range of applications, adversarial attacks against these models have proven to be an indisputable threat. Adversarial samples are crafted with a deliberate intention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-31 Valentina Zantedeschi , Maria-Irina Nicolae , Ambrish Rawat

3D point clouds play pivotal roles in various safety-critical applications, such as autonomous driving, which desires the underlying deep neural networks to be robust to adversarial perturbations. Though a few defenses against adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-08 Jiachen Sun , Karl Koenig , Yulong Cao , Qi Alfred Chen , Z. Morley Mao

Backdoor attacks pose a significant threat to neural networks, enabling adversaries to manipulate model outputs on specific inputs, often with devastating consequences, especially in critical applications. While backdoor attacks have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Zhen Guo , Abhinav Kumar , Reza Tourani

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where adversaries can maliciously trigger model misclassifications by implanting a hidden backdoor during model training. This paper proposes a simple yet effective input-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Linshan Hou , Ruili Feng , Zhongyun Hua , Wei Luo , Leo Yu Zhang , Yiming Li

Recommender systems (RSs) are now fundamental to various online platforms, but their dependence on user-contributed data leaves them vulnerable to shilling attacks that can manipulate item rankings by injecting fake users. Although widely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Shutong Qiao , Wei Yuan , Junliang Yu , Tong Chen , Quoc Viet Hung Nguyen , Hongzhi Yin

Recent studies show that diffusion models (DMs) are vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Existing backdoor attacks impose unconcealed triggers (e.g., a gray box and eyeglasses) that contain evident patterns, rendering remarkable attack effects…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Yuning Han , Bingyin Zhao , Rui Chu , Feng Luo , Biplab Sikdar , Yingjie Lao

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have long been recognized as vulnerable to backdoor attacks. By providing poisoned training data in the fine-tuning process, the attacker can implant a backdoor into the victim model. This enables input samples…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Abdullah Arafat Miah , Yu Bi