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It has been shown that natural language processing (NLP) models are vulnerable to a kind of security threat called the Backdoor Attack, which utilizes a `backdoor trigger' paradigm to mislead the models. The most threatening backdoor attack…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Lingfeng Shen , Haiyun Jiang , Lemao Liu , Shuming Shi

Rock bolts are crucial components of the subterranean support systems in underground mines that provide adequate structural reinforcement to the rock mass to prevent unforeseen hazards like rockfalls. This makes frequent assessments of such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Dibyayan Patra , Pasindu Ranasinghe , Bikram Banerjee , Simit Raval

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have proven to be quite effective in a vast array of machine learning tasks, with recent examples in cyber security and autonomous vehicles. Despite the superior performance of DNNs in these applications, it has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-22 Qinglong Wang , Wenbo Guo , Kaixuan Zhang , Alexander G. Ororbia , Xinyu Xing , Xue Liu , C. Lee Giles

Architectural backdoors pose an under-examined but critical threat to deep neural networks, embedding malicious logic directly into a model's computational graph. Unlike traditional data poisoning or parameter manipulation, architectural…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Victoria Childress , Josh Collyer , Jodie Knapp

Federated learning, an innovative network architecture designed to safeguard user privacy, is gaining widespread adoption in the realm of technology. However, given the existence of backdoor attacks in federated learning, exploring the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Weida Xu , Yang Xu , Sicong Zhang

Deep neural networks (DNNs) demonstrate superior performance in various fields, including scrutiny and security. However, recent studies have shown that DNNs are vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Several defenses were proposed in the past to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Akshaj Veldanda , Siddharth Garg

Since Deep Learning (DL) backdoor attacks have been revealed as one of the most insidious adversarial attacks, a number of countermeasures have been developed with certain assumptions defined in their respective threat models. However, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Huming Qiu , Hua Ma , Zhi Zhang , Alsharif Abuadbba , Wei Kang , Anmin Fu , Yansong Gao

Adversary and invisibility are two fundamental but conflict characters of adversarial perturbations. Previous adversarial attacks on 3D point cloud recognition have often been criticized for their noticeable point outliers, since they just…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Qidong Huang , Xiaoyi Dong , Dongdong Chen , Hang Zhou , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

Benefiting from the rapid development of deep learning, 2D and 3D computer vision applications are deployed in many safe-critical systems, such as autopilot and identity authentication. However, deep learning models are not trustworthy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Yanjie Li , Bin Xie , Songtao Guo , Yuanyuan Yang , Bin Xiao

Transferable adversarial attacks on point clouds remain challenging, as existing methods often rely on model-specific gradients or heuristics that limit generalization to unseen architectures. In this paper, we rethink adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Keke Tang , Xianheng Liu , Weilong Peng , Xiaofei Wang , Daizong Liu , Peican Zhu , Can Lu , Zhihong Tian

Backdoor attacks pose a serious threat to deep reinforcement learning (DRL). Current defenses typically rely on reward anomalies to reverse-engineer triggers and model finetuning to remove backdoors. However, complex trigger patterns…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yinbo Yu , Xueyu Yin , Jiadai Wang , Chunwei Tian , Sai Xu , Qi Zhu , Daoqiang Zhang

Image transmission and processing systems in resource-critical applications face significant challenges from adversarial perturbations that compromise mission-specific object classification. Current robustness testing methods require…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Jinwei Hu , Shiyuan Meng , Yi Dong , Xiaowei Huang

With the maturity of depth sensors in various 3D safety-critical applications, 3D point cloud models have been shown to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Almost all existing 3D attackers simply follow the white-box or black-box setting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Daizong Liu , Yunbo Tao , Junhao Dong , Keke Tang , Pan Zhou , Wei Hu , Yew-Soon Ong

Prompt-based approaches offer a cutting-edge solution to data privacy issues in continual learning, particularly in scenarios involving multiple data suppliers where long-term storage of private user data is prohibited. Despite delivering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Trang Nguyen , Anh Tran , Nhat Ho

Self-supervised diffusion models learn high-quality visual representations via latent space denoising. However, their representation layer poses a distinct threat: unlike traditional attacks targeting generative outputs, its unconstrained…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jiayao Wang , Yiping Zhang , Mohammad Maruf Hasan , Xiaoying Lei , Jiale Zhang , Junwu Zhu , Qilin Wu , Dongfang Zhao

Deep neural networks (DNN) have shown great success in many computer vision applications. However, they are also known to be susceptible to backdoor attacks. When conducting backdoor attacks, most of the existing approaches assume that the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-16 Haoliang Li , Yufei Wang , Xiaofei Xie , Yang Liu , Shiqi Wang , Renjie Wan , Lap-Pui Chau , Alex C. Kot

State-of-the-art deep neural networks (DNNs) have been proven to be vulnerable to adversarial manipulation and backdoor attacks. Backdoored models deviate from expected behavior on inputs with predefined triggers while retaining performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-17 M. Caner Tol , Saad Islam , Andrew J. Adiletta , Berk Sunar , Ziming Zhang

Recent research efforts on 3D point cloud semantic segmentation (PCSS) have achieved outstanding performance by adopting neural networks. However, the robustness of these complex models have not been systematically analyzed. Given that PCSS…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Jiacen Xu , Zhe Zhou , Boyuan Feng , Yufei Ding , Zhou Li

3D point cloud classification has many safety-critical applications such as autonomous driving and robotic grasping. However, several studies showed that it is vulnerable to adversarial attacks. In particular, an attacker can make a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Hongbin Liu , Jinyuan Jia , Neil Zhenqiang Gong

Despite the remarkable progress of diffusion models in image generation, recent studies reveal their vulnerability to backdoor attacks via covert visual or textual triggers. Although evolving defense mechanisms can detect most existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jia Wu , Yu Pan , Junjun Yang , Yi Du