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Higher-spin diffeomorphisms are to higher-order differential operators what diffeomorphisms are to vector fields. Their rigorous definition is a challenging mathematical problem which might predate a better understanding of higher-spin…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-09-14 Xavier Bekaert

In this paper we consider the limiting case of neural networks (NNs) architectures when the number of neurons in each hidden layer and the number of hidden layers tend to infinity thus forming a continuum, and we derive approximation errors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Christophe Prieur , Mircea Lazar , Bogdan Robu

We prove that every continuous mapping from a separable infinite-dimensional Hilbert space $X$ into $\mathbb{R}^{m}$ can be uniformly approximated by $C^\infty$ smooth mappings {\em with no critical points}. This kind of result can be…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Daniel Azagra , Manuel Cepedello Boiso

The discretization of least-squares problems for linear ill-posed operator equations in Hilbert spaces is considered. The main subject of this article concerns conditions for convergence of the associated discretized minimum-norm…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-02-10 Stefan Kindermann

We present a way of defining the Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator on general Hilbert spaces using a pair of operators for which each one's adjoint is formally the negative of the other. In particular, we define an abstract analogue of trace…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2018-06-06 A. F. M. ter Elst , G. Gordon , M. Waurick

We present a general technique for the analysis of first-order methods. The technique relies on the construction of a duality gap for an appropriate approximation of the objective function, where the function approximation improves as the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-12-12 Jelena Diakonikolas , Lorenzo Orecchia

Consider the second order divergence form elliptic operator $L$ with complex bounded coefficients. In general, the operators related to it (such as Riesz transform or square function) lie beyond the scope of the Calder\'{o}n-Zygmund theory.…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Steve Hofmann , Svitlana Mayboroda

Neural operators (NOs) are a class of deep learning models designed to simultaneously solve infinitely many related problems by casting them into an infinite-dimensional space, whereon these NOs operate. A significant gap remains between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Anastasis Kratsios , Ariel Neufeld , Philipp Schmocker

In recent years, deep learning has been connected with optimal control as a way to define a notion of a continuous underlying learning problem. In this view, neural networks can be interpreted as a discretization of a parametric Ordinary…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-07-07 Joubine Aghili , Olga Mula

Operator learning based on neural operators has emerged as a promising paradigm for the data-driven approximation of operators, mapping between infinite-dimensional Banach spaces. Despite significant empirical progress, our theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Samuel Lanthaler

A new method to enclose the pseudospectrum via the numerical range of the inverse of a matrix or linear operator is presented. The method is applied to finite-dimensional discretizations of an operator on an infinite-dimensional Hilbert…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2020-11-06 Andreas Frommer , Birgit Jacob , Lukas Vorberg , Christian Wyss , Ian Zwaan

Stiefel manifolds arise naturally as spaces of injective operators and as total spaces of principal bundles over Grassmannians. While their finite-dimensional topology is governed by Bott periodicity, the infinite-dimensional theory…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Nizar El Idrissi

Learning operators between infinitely dimensional spaces is an important learning task arising in wide applications in machine learning, imaging science, mathematical modeling and simulations, etc. This paper studies the nonparametric…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-01-04 Hao Liu , Haizhao Yang , Minshuo Chen , Tuo Zhao , Wenjing Liao

This paper deals with some basic constructions of linear and multilinear algebra on finite-dimensional diffeological vector spaces. We consider the diffeological dual formally checking that the assignment to each space of its dual defines a…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2020-07-07 Ekaterina Pervova

Real linear operators between two complex Banach spaces unify naturally two important classes of linear operators and antilinear operators. We give a survey of basic geometric, spectral and duality properties of real linear operators. The…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-07 Damian Kołaczek , Vladimir Müller

Discretization of the uniform norm of functions from a given finite dimensional subspace of continuous functions is studied. Previous known results show that for any $N$-dimensional subspace of the space of continuous functions it is…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2024-05-08 E. D. Kosov , V. N. Temlyakov

We give a self-contained and introductory account of some basic functional analytic tools needed to understand maximal monotone operators in Hilbert spaces. We review domains of (possibly unbounded) operators, closed sets and closed…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-02 Hikmatullo Ismatov

This paper is devoted to study discrete and continuous bases for spaces supporting representations of SO(3) and SO(3,2) where the spherical harmonics are involved. We show how discrete and continuous bases coexist on appropriate choices of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-05-23 E. Celeghini , M. Gadella , M. A. del Olmo

In this paper we give a survey of elliptic theory for operators associated with diffeomorphisms of smooth manifolds. Such operators appear naturally in analysis, geometry and mathematical physics. We survey classical results as well as…

K-Theory and Homology · Mathematics 2015-11-06 Anton Savin , Boris Sternin

We study shallow and deep neural networks whose inputs range over a general topological space. The model is built from a prescribed family of continuous feature maps and reduces to multilayer feedforward networks in the Euclidean case. We…

General Topology · Mathematics 2026-03-24 Vugar Ismailov