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Intelligent agents need to generalize from past experience to achieve goals in complex environments. World models facilitate such generalization and allow learning behaviors from imagined outcomes to increase sample-efficiency. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Danijar Hafner , Timothy Lillicrap , Mohammad Norouzi , Jimmy Ba

Offline reinforcement learning enables policy learning from pre-collected datasets without environment interaction, but existing Decision Transformer (DT) architectures struggle with long-horizon credit assignment and complex state-action…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Abraham Itzhak Weinberg

This paper investigates whether learning contingency-awareness and controllable aspects of an environment can lead to better exploration in reinforcement learning. To investigate this question, we consider an instantiation of this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-05 Jongwook Choi , Yijie Guo , Marcin Moczulski , Junhyuk Oh , Neal Wu , Mohammad Norouzi , Honglak Lee

The Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma has guided research on social dilemmas for decades. However, it distinguishes between only two atomic actions: cooperate and defect. In real-world prisoner's dilemmas, these choices are temporally extended…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-03-02 Weixun Wang , Jianye Hao , Yixi Wang , Matthew Taylor

While the Mamba architecture demonstrates superior inference efficiency and competitive performance on short-context natural language processing (NLP) tasks, empirical evidence suggests its capacity to comprehend long contexts is limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Danlong Yuan , Jiahao Liu , Bei Li , Huishuai Zhang , Jingang Wang , Xunliang Cai , Dongyan Zhao

Transformers dominate NLP and IR; but their inference inefficiencies and challenges in extrapolating to longer contexts have sparked interest in alternative model architectures. Among these, state space models (SSMs) like Mamba offer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Zhichao Xu , Jinghua Yan , Ashim Gupta , Vivek Srikumar

Recent advances in sequence modeling have introduced selective SSMs as promising alternatives to Transformer architectures, offering theoretical computational efficiency and sequence processing advantages. A comprehensive understanding of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Abdullah Al Asif , Mobina Kashaniyan , Sixing Yu , Juan Pablo Muñoz , Ali Jannesari

State Space Models (SSMs) have recently enjoyed a rise to prominence in the field of deep learning for sequence modeling, especially as an alternative to Transformers. Their success stems from avoiding two well-known drawbacks of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Stefano Rando , Luca Romani , Matteo Migliarini , Luca Franco , Denis Gudovskiy , Fabio Galasso

In this effort, we propose using the Mamba for handling tabular data in personalized recommendation systems. We present the \textit{FT-Mamba} (Feature Tokenizer\,$+$\,Mamba), a novel hybrid model that replaces Transformer layers with Mamba…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Andrew Starnes , Clayton Webster

Long-term time series forecasting (LTSF) provides longer insights into future trends and patterns. Over the past few years, deep learning models especially Transformers have achieved advanced performance in LTSF tasks. However, LTSF faces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Aobo Liang , Xingguo Jiang , Yan Sun , Xiaohou Shi , Ke Li

Autonomous driving systems demand trajectory planners that not only model the inherent uncertainty of future motions but also respect complex temporal dependencies and underlying physical laws. While diffusion-based generative models excel…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Hang Zhou , Qiang Zhang , Peiran Liu , Yihao Qin , Zhaoxu Yan , Yiding Ji

Deep Reinforcement Learning has been shown to be very successful in complex games, e.g. Atari or Go. These games have clearly defined rules, and hence allow simulation. In many practical applications, however, interactions with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Andreas Merentitis , Kashif Rasul , Roland Vollgraf , Abdul-Saboor Sheikh , Urs Bergmann

Video Games are boring when they are too easy, and frustrating when they are too hard. In terms of providing game experience such as enjoyment to the player by match players with different levels of ability to player ability, We assume that…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Junjie Xu

Recent developments in deep learning (DL) techniques have led to great performance improvement in medical image segmentation tasks, especially with the latest Transformer model and its variants. While labels from fusing multi-rater manual…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-15 Parinaz Roshanzamir , Hassan Rivaz , Joshua Ahn , Hamza Mirza , Neda Naghdi , Meagan Anstruther , Michele C. Battié , Maryse Fortin , Yiming Xiao

Current strong pedestrian attribute recognition models are developed based on Transformer networks, which are computationally heavy. Recently proposed models with linear complexity (e.g., Mamba) have garnered significant attention and have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Xiao Wang , Weizhe Kong , Jiandong Jin , Shiao Wang , Ruichong Gao , Qingchuan Ma , Chenglong Li , Jin Tang

The recent progress in Reinforcement Learning applications to Resource Management presents MDPs without a deeper analysis of the impacts of design decisions on agent performance. In this paper, we compare and contrast four different MDP…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Renato Luiz de Freitas Cunha , Luiz Chaimowicz

Recent efforts on image restoration have focused on developing "all-in-one" models that can handle different degradation types and levels within single model. However, most of mainstream Transformer-based ones confronted with dilemma…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Aiwen Jiang , Hourong Chen , Zhiwen Chen , Jihua Ye , Mingwen Wang

Mamba has recently garnered attention as an effective backbone for vision tasks. However, its underlying mechanism in visual domains remains poorly understood. In this work, we systematically investigate Mamba's representational properties…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Timing Yang , Guoyizhe Wei , Alan Yuille , Feng Wang

The asynchronous nature of the state-of-the-art reinforcement learning algorithms such as the Asynchronous Advantage Actor-Critic algorithm, makes them exceptionally suitable for CPU computations. However, given the fact that deep…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-04-17 Robert Adamski , Tomasz Grel , Maciej Klimek , Henryk Michalewski

Model-based reinforcement learning (RL) is appealing because (i) it enables planning and thus more strategic exploration, and (ii) by decoupling dynamics from rewards, it enables fast transfer to new reward functions. However, learning an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Evan Zheran Liu , Ramtin Keramati , Sudarshan Seshadri , Kelvin Guu , Panupong Pasupat , Emma Brunskill , Percy Liang