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Fine-tuning is arguably the most straightforward way to tailor a pre-trained model (e.g., a foundation model) to downstream applications, but it also comes with the risk of losing valuable knowledge the model had learned in pre-training.…

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) emerges as a popular parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) method, which proposes to freeze pretrained model weights and update an additive low-rank trainable matrix. In this work, we study the enhancement of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Fangzhao Zhang , Mert Pilanci

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has recently gained attention for fine-tuning foundation models by incorporating trainable low-rank matrices, thereby reducing the number of trainable parameters. While LoRA offers numerous advantages, its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Yeming Wen , Swarat Chaudhuri

Large Language Models (LLMs), with billions of parameters, present significant challenges for full finetuning due to the high computational demands, memory requirements, and impracticality of many real-world applications. When faced with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Jonathan Svirsky , Yehonathan Refael , Ofir Lindenbaum

Low-rank Adaptation (LoRA) has gained popularity as a fine-tuning approach for Large Language Models (LLMs) due to its low resource requirements and good performance. While a plethora of work has investigated improving LoRA serving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Minghao Yan , Zhuang Wang , Zhen Jia , Shivaram Venkataraman , Yida Wang

Machine unlearning is an emerging technology that removes a subset of the training data from a trained model without significantly affecting the model performance on the remaining data. This topic is becoming increasingly important in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Laiqiao Qin , Tianqing Zhu , Linlin Wang , Wanlei Zhou

Artificial intelligence has started to transform histopathology impacting clinical diagnostics and biomedical research. However, while many computational pathology approaches have been proposed, most current AI models are limited with…

Fine-tuning large foundation models is essential for building expert models tailored to specialized tasks and domains, but fully updating billions of parameters is computationally prohibitive. Reducing the number of trainable parameters…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Junseo Hwang , Wonguk Cho , Taesup Kim

Pretrained foundation models learn embeddings that can be used for a wide range of downstream tasks. These embeddings optimise general performance, and if insufficiently accurate at a specific task the model can be fine-tuned to improve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Matthew P. Wilson , Edward O. Pyzer-Knapp , Nicolas Galichet , Luke Dicks

Fine-tuning large-scale pretrained models is prohibitively expensive in terms of computational and memory costs. LoRA, as one of the most popular Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods, offers a cost-effective alternative by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Shaowen Wang , Linxi Yu , Jian Li

Artificial intelligence may assist healthcare systems in meeting increasing demand for pathology services while maintaining diagnostic quality and reducing turnaround time and costs. We aimed to investigate the performance of an…

Foundation models provide robust embeddings for diverse tasks, including medical imaging. We evaluate embeddings from seven general and medical-specific foundation models (e.g., DenseNet121, BiomedCLIP, MedImageInsight, Rad-DINO,…

Recent vision foundation models can extract universal representations and show impressive abilities in various tasks. However, their application on object detection is largely overlooked, especially without fine-tuning them. In this work,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Shenghao Fu , Junkai Yan , Qize Yang , Xihan Wei , Xiaohua Xie , Wei-Shi Zheng

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as a new paradigm for cost-efficient fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs). However, fine-tuned LLMs often become overconfident especially when fine-tuned on small datasets. Bayesian methods,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Adam X. Yang , Maxime Robeyns , Xi Wang , Laurence Aitchison

Applying a pre-trained large model to downstream tasks is prohibitive under resource-constrained conditions. Recent dominant approaches for addressing efficiency issues involve adding a few learnable parameters to the fixed backbone model.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Yangyang Guo , Guangzhi Wang , Mohan Kankanhalli

Foundation Models have demonstrated significant success across various domains in Artificial Intelligence (AI), yet their capabilities for brainwave modeling remain unclear. In this paper, we comprehensively evaluate current Large Brainwave…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Na Lee , Konstantinos Barmpas , Yannis Panagakis , Dimitrios Adamos , Nikolaos Laskaris , Stefanos Zafeiriou

Cytology is a valuable tool for early detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, manual examination of cytology whole slide images (WSIs) is slow, subjective, and depends heavily on expert pathologists. To address this, we…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-18 Rupam Mukherjee , Rajkumar Daniel , Soujanya Hazra , Shirin Dasgupta , Subhamoy Mandal

This research paper investigates the application of Large Language Models (LLMs) in healthcare, specifically focusing on enhancing medical decision support through Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) integrated with hospital-specific data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Mohammad Shoaib Ansari , Mohd Sohail Ali Khan , Shubham Revankar , Aditya Varma , Anil S. Mokhade

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods such as LoRA enable efficient adaptation of large pretrained models but often fall short of full fine-tuning performance. Existing approaches focus on aligning parameter updates, which only indirectly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Frédéric Zheng , Alexandre Proutière

Low rank adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as a prominent technique for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) thanks to its superb efficiency gains over previous methods. While extensive studies have examined the performance and structural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zi Liang , Haibo Hu , Qingqing Ye , Yaxin Xiao , Ronghua Li