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Existing LLM-based automatic test generation methods mainly produce input and expected output pairs to categorize the intended behavior of correct programs. Although straightforward, these methods have limited diversity in generated tests…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yujian Liu , Jiabao Ji , Yang Zhang , Wenbo Guo , Tommi Jaakkola , Shiyu Chang

High-level synthesis (HLS) transforms an algorithmic description of hardware from a higher abstraction (e.g., C/C++) into a register-transfer level (RTL) design, offering reduced development time and greater flexibility in design space…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Xiaofeng Zhou , Linfeng Du , Guangyu Hu , Sharad Sinha , Hongce Zhang , Wei Zhang

The usage of Large Language Models (LLMs) for software and test development has continued to increase since LLMs were first introduced, but only recently have the expectations of LLMs become more realistic. Verifying the correctness of code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Zachariah Sollenberger , Rahul Patel , Saieda Ali Zada , Sunita Chandrasekaran

Verification presents a major bottleneck in Integrated Circuit (IC) development, consuming nearly 70% of the total development effort. While the Universal Verification Methodology (UVM) is widely used in industry to improve verification…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Junhao Ye , Yuchen Hu , Ke Xu , Dingrong Pan , Qichun Chen , Jie Zhou , Shuai Zhao , Xinwei Fang , Xi Wang , Nan Guan , Zhe Jiang

Neural network verification tools currently support only a narrow class of specifications, typically expressed as low-level constraints over raw inputs and outputs. This limitation significantly hinders their adoption and practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Yizhak Y. Elboher , Reuven Peleg , Zhouxing Shi , Guy Katz , Jan Křetínský

Academic researchers need efficient and reliable methods for collecting high-quality information from trusted sources, but modern tools for AI-assisted research still suffer from the tendency of Large Language Models (LLMs) to produce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Gábor Recski , Szilveszter Tóth , Nadia Verdha , István Boros , Ádám Kovács

Argumentative LLMs (ArgLLMs) are an existing approach leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) and computational argumentation for decision-making, with the aim of making the resulting decisions faithfully explainable to and contestable by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Adam Dejl , Deniz Gorur , Francesca Toni

Software testing is an essential part of the software lifecycle and requires a substantial amount of time and effort. It has been estimated that software developers spend close to 50% of their time on testing the code they write. For these…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-02-20 Cody Watson , Michele Tufano , Kevin Moran , Gabriele Bavota , Denys Poshyvanyk

Program refinement involves correctness-preserving transformations from formal high-level specification statements into executable programs. Traditional verification tool support for program refinement is highly interactive and lacks…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Yufan Cai , Zhe Hou , Xiaokun Luan , David Miguel Sanan Baena , Yun Lin , Jun Sun , Jin Song Dong

The increasing use of Advanced Language Models (ALMs) in diverse sectors, particularly due to their impressive capability to generate top-tier content following linguistic instructions, forms the core of this investigation. This study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Kiran Thorat , Jiahui Zhao , Yaotian Liu , Hongwu Peng , Xi Xie , Bin Lei , Jeff Zhang , Caiwen Ding

Currently, generating high-level test cases described in natural language from requirement documents is performed manually. In the industry, including companies specializing in software testing, there is a significant demand for the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Satoshi Masuda , Satoshi Kouzawa , Kyousuke Sezai , Hidetoshi Suhara , Yasuaki Hiruta , Kunihiro Kudou

Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS) use complex decision-making (DM) models with multimodal sensory inputs, making rigorous validation and verification (V&V) essential for safety and reliability. These models pose challenges in diagnosing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Halit Eris , Stefan Wagner

Advancements in Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated promising performance in a variety of vision-language tasks involving image-conditioned free-form text generation. However, growing concerns about hallucinations in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Zhuohang Li , Chao Yan , Nicholas J. Jackson , Wendi Cui , Bo Li , Jiaxin Zhang , Bradley A. Malin

Modern large language models (LLMs) are powerful generators driven by statistical next-token prediction. While effective at producing fluent text, this design biases models toward high-probability continuations rather than exhaustive and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Zhaoyang Chen , Cody Fleming

To address the increasing size and complexity of modern software systems, compositional verification separates the verification of single components from the verification of their composition. In architecture-based verification, the former…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-07-11 Diego Marmsoler , Genc Blakqori

Automatic and efficient verification of multiplier designs, especially through a provably correct method, is a difficult problem. We show how to utilize a theorem prover, ACL2, to implement an efficient rewriting algorithm for multiplier…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Mertcan Temel

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) has demonstrated its capabilities in the present world that reduce human effort significantly. It utilizes deep learning techniques to create original and realistic content in terms of text,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Aman Kumar , Deepak Narayan Gadde

The Dafny verifier provides strong correctness guarantees but often requires numerous manual helper assertions, creating a significant barrier to adoption. We investigate the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) to automatically infer…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Álvaro Silva , Alexandra Mendes , Ruben Martins

Verifying the complex and multi-step reasoning of Large Language Models (LLMs) is a critical challenge, as holistic methods often overlook localized flaws. Step-by-step validation is a promising alternative, yet existing methods are often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Jiwei Fang , Bin Zhang , Changwei Wang , Jin Wan , Zhiwei Xu

Development of quality assured software-intensive systems, such as automotive embedded systems, is an increasing challenge as the complexity of these systems significantly increases. EAST-ADL is an architecture description language…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-03-18 Eun-Young Kang