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We study spherically symmetric solutions to the Einstein field equations under the assumption that the space-time may possess an arbitrary number of spatial dimensions. The general solution of Synge is extended to describe systems of any…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 A. Das , A. DeBenedictis

We generalize Birkhoff's Theorem in the following fashion. We find necessary and sufficient conditions for any spherically symmetric space-time to be static in terms of the eigenvalues of the stress-energy tensor. In particular, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-03-24 Joel L. Weiner

We present a comprehensive and technically rigorous analysis of the status of Birkhoff's theorem in Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity, a paradigmatic two-dimensional model for studying semiclassical gravitational dynamics. While Birkhoff's…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-10-07 D. Momeni

As a continuation of a previous work, here we examine the admittance of Birkhoff's theorem in a class of higher derivative theories of gravity. This class is contained in a larger class of theories which are characterized by the property…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-30 Julio Oliva , Sourya Ray

f(T) gravity, a generally modified teleparallel gravity, has become very popular in recent times as it is able to reproduce the unification of inflation and late-time acceleration without the need of a dark energy component or an inflation…

General Physics · Physics 2016-11-11 Han Dong , Ying-Bin Wang , Xin-He Meng

We extend Birkhoff's theorem for almost LRS-II vacuum spacetimes to show that the rigidity of spherical vacuum solutions of Einstein's field equations continues even in the perturbed scenario.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-27 Rituparno Goswami , George F R Ellis

A class of 2-dimensional models including 2-d dilaton gravity, spherically symmetric reduction of d-dimensional Einstein gravity and other related theories are classically analyzed. The general analytic solutions in the absence of matter…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-11-01 Youngjai Kiem

Birkhoff's theorem is discussed in the frame of f(R) gravity by using its scalar-tensor representation. Modified gravity has become very popular at recent times as it is able to reproduce the unification of inflation and late-time…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-28 Salvatore Capozziello , Diego Sáez-Gómez

Birkhoff's theorem is one of the most important statements of Einstein's general relativity, which generally can not be extended to modified theories of gravity. Here we study the validity of the theorem in scalar-tensor theories using a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-04 Salvatore Capozziello , Diego Sáez-Gómez

Consider a rotating and possibly pulsating "star" in (2+1) dimensions. If the star is axially symmetric, then in the vacuum region surrounding the star, (a region that we assume at most contains a cosmological constant), the Einstein…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-03-22 Jozef Skakala , Matt Visser

We derive the general $\Sigma_2\times S$ solution of topologically massive gravity in vacuum and in presence of a cosmological constant. The field equations reduce to three-dimensional Einstein equations and the solution has constant Ricci…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Marco Cavaglia

Working within the quasi-metric framework (QMF), it is examined if the gravitational field exterior to an isolated, spherically symmetric body is necessarily metrically static, or equivalently, whether or not Birkhoff's theorem holds for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-04-02 Dag Østvang

Shape Dynamics is a theory of gravity that replaces refoliation invariance for spatial Weyl invariance. Those solutions of the Einstein equations that have global, constant mean curvature slicings, are mirrored by solutions in Shape…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-15 Henrique Gomes

It is well-known that Birkhoff's theorem is no longer valid in theories with more than four dimensions. Thus, in these theories the effective 4-dimensional picture allows the existence of different possible, non-Schwarzschild, scenarios for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 J. Ponce de Leon

We continue the study of the non-metric theory of gravity introduced in hep-th/0611182 and gr-qc/0703002 and obtain its general spherically symmetric vacuum solution. It respects the analog of the Birkhoff theorem, i.e., the vacuum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Kirill Krasnov , Yuri Shtanov

According to general relativity, black holes are incomplete, which prevents developing a complete physical description of their dynamical formation and evolution once quantum effects are taken into account. Theories beyond general…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-24 Raúl Carballo-Rubio

The Einstein theories of space-time and gravity as well the stander cosmology are reconstructed thoroughly in this paper based on flat reference frame. The rational parts of the Einstein theories are reserved while the irrational parts…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mei Xiaochun

The Einstein theories of space-time and gravity as well the stander cosmology are reconstructed thoroughly in this paper based on flat reference frame. The rational parts of the Einstein theories are reserved while the irrational parts…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mei Xiaochun

There is undetermined potential function $V(\phi)$ in the action of mimetic gravity which should be resolved through physical means. In general relativity(GR), the static spherically symmetric(SSS) solution to the Einstein equation is a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-07-24 Xin-zhou Li , Xiang-hua Zhai , Ping Li

The f(T) theory, a generally modified teleparallel gravity, has been proposed as an alternative gravity model to account for the dark energy phenomena. Following our previous work [Xin-he Meng and Ying-bin Wang, EPJC(2011),…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-04 Han Dong , Ying-bin Wang , Xin-he Meng