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The thyroid gland, in conjunction with the pituitary and the hypothalamus, forms a regulated system due to their mutual influence through released hormones. The equilibrium point of this system, commonly referred to as the "set point", is…
Sexual selection theory models evolution of sexual signals and preferences using simple life histories. However, life-history models predict that males benefit from increasing sexual investment approaching old age, producing age-dependent…
Predicting company growth is a critical yet challenging task because observed dynamics blend an underlying structural growth trend with volatile fluctuations. Here, we propose a Scaling-Theory-Informed Machine Learning (STIML) framework…
Firm foundation theory estimates a security's firm fundamental value based on four determinants: expected growth rate, expected dividend payout, the market interest rate and the degree of risk. In contrast, other views of decision-making in…
Despite Adam demonstrating faster empirical convergence than SGD in many applications, much of the existing theory yields guarantees essentially comparable to those of SGD, leaving the empirical performance gap insufficiently explained. In…
Early substance use during adolescence increases the risk of later substance use disorders and mental health problems, yet the emotional and contextual factors driving these behaviors remain poorly understood. This study analyzed 23000…
Despite the greater functional importance of protein levels, our knowledge of gene expression evolution is based almost entirely on studies of mRNA levels. In contrast, our understanding of how translational regulation evolves has lagged…
Mentoring is a key component of scientific achievements, contributing to overall measures of career success for mentees and mentors. A common success metric in the scientific enterprise is acquiring a large research group, which is believed…
Recent whole genome polymerase binding assays have shown that a large proportion of unexpressed genes have pre-assembled RNA pol II transcription initiation complex stably bound to their promoters. Some such promoter proximally paused genes…
Current population synthesis modeling suggests that 30-50% of Type II supernovae originate from binary progenitors, however, the identification of a binary progenitor is challenging. One indicator of a binary progenitor is that the…
It has been a puzzling question why some organisms reproduce sexually. Fisher and Muller hypothesized that reproducing by sex can speed up the evolution. They explained that in the sexual reproduction, recombination can combine beneficial…
Female athletes are severely understudied in the field of concussion research, despite higher prevalence for injuries and tendency to have longer recovery time. Hormonal fluctuations due to normal menstrual cycle (MC) or hormonal…
Suppose $n$ boys and $n$ girls rank each other at random. We show that any particular girl has at least $({1\over 2}-\epsilon) \ln n$ and at most $(1+\epsilon)\ln n$ different husbands in the set of all Gale/Shapley stable matchings defined…
HIV pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) has become essential for global HIV control, but its implementation coincides with rising bacterial STI rates among men who have sex with men (MSM). While risk-compensation behavioral changes like reduced…
Transcriptional interactions in a cell are modulated by a variety of mechanisms that prevent their representation as pure pairwise interactions between a transcription factor and its target(s). These include, among others, transcription…
Self-promotion in science is ubiquitous but may not be exercised equally by men and women. Research on self-promotion in other domains suggests that, due to bias in self-assessment and adverse reactions to non-gender-conforming behaviors…
While startup valuations are influenced by revenues, risks, age, and macroeconomic conditions, specific causality is traditionally a black box. Because valuations are not disclosed, roles played by other factors (industry, geography, and…
Listing on the Dow Jones Sustainability Index is seen as a gold-standard, verifying to the market that a firm is fully engaged with a corporate social responsibility agenda. Robustly quantifying the impact of listing, and de-listing,…
The phase-separation occurring in a system of mutually interacting proteins that can bind on specific sites of a chromatin fiber is here investigated. This is achieved by means of extensive Molecular Dynamics simulations of a simple polymer…
There is a growing interest in the implementation of platform trials, which provide the flexibility to incorporate new treatment arms during the trial and the ability to halt treatments early based on lack of benefit or observed…