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We study the discrete Bertrand pricing game with a non-increasing demand function. The game has $n \ge 2$ players who simultaneously choose prices from the set $\{1/k, 2/k, \ldots, 1\}$, where $k\in\mathbb{N}$. The player who sets the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Arnab Maiti , Junyan Liu , Kevin Jamieson , Lillian J. Ratliff

Biological agents have meaningful interactions with their environment despite the absence of immediate reward signals. In such instances, the agent can learn preferred modes of behaviour that lead to predictable states -- necessary for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Noor Sajid , Panagiotis Tigas , Alexey Zakharov , Zafeirios Fountas , Karl Friston

We develop a new identification strategy for demand estimation when cost shifters may not be available and there are substantial variations in demand over time. This approaches relies on a kind of nonlinear difference-in-differences, in…

General Economics · Economics 2025-12-23 Xavier D'Haultfœuille , Ao Wang , Philippe Février , Lionel Wilner

We consider situations where consumers are aware that a statistical model determines the price of a product based on their observed behavior. Using a novel experiment varying the context similarity between participant data and a product, we…

General Economics · Economics 2024-11-14 Inácio Bó , Li Chen , Rustamdjan Hakimov

We study a problem of an online retailer who observes the unit sales of a product, and dynamically changes the retail price, in order to maximize the expected revenue. Assuming the demand of the product is price sensitive, we are interested…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-17 Chengcheng Liu , Mátyás A. Sustik

It is a common practice in the current literature of electricity markets to use game-theoretic approaches for strategic price bidding. However, they generally rely on the assumption that the strategic bidders have prior knowledge of rival…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Arega Getaneh Abate , Dorsa Majdi , Jalal Kazempour , Maryam Kamgarpour

When a new product or technology is introduced, potential consumers can learn its quality by trying the product, at a risk, or by letting others try it and free-riding on the information that they generate. We propose a dynamic game to…

Economics · Quantitative Finance 2017-06-27 Matt V. Leduc , Matthew O. Jackson , Ramesh Johari

Price discrimination, which refers to the strategy of setting different prices for different customer groups, has been widely used in online retailing. Although it helps boost the collected revenue for online retailers, it might create…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Xi Chen , Jiameng Lyu , Xuan Zhang , Yuan Zhou

We present a dynamical model for the price evolution of financial assets. The model is based in a two level structure. In the first stage one finds an agent-based model that describes the present state of the investors' beliefs,…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2009-07-30 Miquel Montero

In contextual dynamic pricing, a seller sequentially prices goods based on contextual information. Buyers will purchase products only if the prices are below their valuations. The goal of the seller is to design a pricing strategy that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-14 Matilde Tullii , Solenne Gaucher , Nadav Merlis , Vianney Perchet

In recommendation settings, there is an apparent trade-off between the goals of accuracy (to recommend items a user is most likely to want) and diversity (to recommend items representing a range of categories). As such, real-world…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Kenny Peng , Manish Raghavan , Emma Pierson , Jon Kleinberg , Nikhil Garg

Randomized controlled experiments assess new policy impacts on performance metrics to inform launch decisions. Traditional approaches evaluate metrics independently despite correlations, and mixed results (e.g., positive revenue impact,…

Applications · Statistics 2026-01-29 Hoiyi Ng , Guido Imbens

Firms are more likely to introduce products in markets where they anticipate stronger demand. They also possess information that is unobserved to researchers. This creates endogenous selection bias in the estimation of demand parameters.…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-04-13 Victor Aguirregabiria , Alessandro Iaria , Senay Sokullu

A novel switching differentiator that has considerably simple form is proposed. Under the assumption that time-derivatives of the signal are norm-bounded, it is shown that estimation errors are convergent to the zeros asymptotically. The…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-05-01 Jang-Hyun Park

A seller posts a price for a single object. The seller's and buyer's values may be interdependent. We characterize the set of payoff vectors across all information structures. Simple feasibility and individual-rationality constraints…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-09-10 Navin Kartik , Weijie Zhong

As we exhaust methods that reduces variance without introducing bias, reducing variance in experiments often requires accepting some bias, using methods like winsorization or surrogate metrics. While this bias-variance tradeoff can be…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-05 Daniel Ting , Kenneth Hung

The computation of equilibrium prices at which the supply of goods matches their demand typically relies on complete information on agents' private attributes, e.g., suppliers' cost functions, which are often unavailable in practice.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Devansh Jalota , Haoyuan Sun , Navid Azizan

Users can now give back energies to the grid using distributed resources. Proper incentive mechanisms are required for such users, also known as prosumers, in order to maximize the sell-back amount while maintaining the retailer's profit.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-03-14 Diptangshu Sen , Arnob Ghosh

In this paper, by leveraging abundant observational transaction data, we propose a novel data-driven and interpretable pricing approach for markdowns, consisting of counterfactual prediction and multi-period price optimization. Firstly, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-20 Junhao Hua , Ling Yan , Huan Xu , Cheng Yang

Dynamic pricing of goods in a competitive environment to maximize revenue is a natural objective and has been a subject of research over the years. In this paper, we focus on a class of markets exhibiting the substitutes property with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-09-18 Paresh Nakhe