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Eliciting user preferences from purchase records for performing purchase prediction is challenging because negative feedback is not explicitly observed, and because treating all non-purchased items equally as negative feedback is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-06-01 Chanyoung Park , Donghyun Kim , Min-Chul Yang , Jung-Tae Lee , Hwanjo Yu

This paper presents a novel non-stationary dynamic pricing algorithm design, where pricing agents face incomplete demand information and market environment shifts. The agents run price experiments to learn about each product's demand curve…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-09-09 Po-Yi Liu , Chi-Hua Wang , Henghsiu Tsai

We study the revenue-maximizing mechanism when a buyer's value evolves endogenously because of learning-by-consuming. A seller sells one unit of a divisible good, while the buyer relies on his private, rough valuation to choose his…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2022-09-07 Huiyi Guo , Wei He , Bin Liu

We consider dynamic pricing with covariates under a generalized linear demand model: a seller can dynamically adjust the price of a product over a horizon of $T$ time periods, and at each time period $t$, the demand of the product is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Hanzhao Wang , Kalyan Talluri , Xiaocheng Li

We consider a model of third-degree price discrimination where the seller's product valuation is unknown to the market designer, who aims to maximize buyer surplus by revealing buyer valuation information. Our main result shows that the…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-10-10 Itai Arieli , Yakov Babichenko , Omer Madmon , Moshe Tennenholtz

Firms that price perishable resources -- airline seats, hotel rooms, seasonal inventory -- now routinely use demand predictions, but these predictions vary widely in quality. Under hard capacity constraints, acting on an inaccurate…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-27 Ruicheng Ao , Jiashuo Jiang , David Simchi-Levi

After years of speculation, price discrimination in e-commerce driven by the personal information that users leave (involuntarily) online, has started attracting the attention of privacy researchers, regulators, and the press. In our…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2013-07-18 Jakub Mikians , László Gyarmati , Vijay Erramilli , Nikolaos Laoutaris

In bandit settings, optimizing long-term regret metrics requires exploration, which corresponds to sometimes taking myopically sub-optimal actions. When a long-lived principal merely recommends actions to be executed by a sequence of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Ramya Ramalingam , Osbert Bastani , Aaron Roth

Problem definition: We study a data-driven pricing problem in which a seller sets a price for a single item based on demand observed at a limited number of historical prices. Our goal is to quantify the value of such information and to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Achraf Bahamou , Omar Besbes , Omar Mouchtaki

Before purchase, a buyer of an experience good learns about the product's fit using various information sources, including some of which the seller may be unaware of. The buyer, however, can conclusively learn the fit only after purchasing…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-05-21 Toomas Hinnosaar , Keiichi Kawai

While backpropagation--reverse-mode automatic differentiation--has been extraordinarily successful in deep learning, it requires two passes (forward and backward) through the neural network and the storage of intermediate activations.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Daniel Wang , Evan Markou , Dylan Campbell

We present an empirical argument against the existence of single timeline backward time travel using the price behavior of prediction markets. If rational agents could travel backward in time, binary prediction contracts would converge to…

Popular Physics · Physics 2026-03-19 David Awad

We consider a setting where $n$ buyers, with combinatorial preferences over $m$ items, and a seller, running a priority-based allocation mechanism, repeatedly interact. Our goal, from observing limited information about the results of these…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-08-29 Avrim Blum , Yishay Mansour , Jamie Morgenstern

We study the problem of learning to bid when the bidder's value is dynamic, i.e., when the current value depends on past outcomes. Specifically, we consider a bidder participating in repeated second-price auctions whose value depends on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Benjamin Heymann , Otmane Sakhi

Switchback experiments--alternating treatment and control over time--are widely used when unit-level randomization is infeasible, outcomes are aggregated, or user interference is unavoidable. In practice, experimentation must support fast…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-27 Jizhou Liu , Liang Zhong

Gradient-based methods for optimisation of objectives in stochastic settings with unknown or intractable dynamics require estimators of derivatives. We derive an objective that, under automatic differentiation, produces low-variance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Gregory Farquhar , Shimon Whiteson , Jakob Foerster

Motivated by the prevalence of ``price protection guarantee", which allows a customer who purchased a product in the past to receive a refund from the seller during the so-called price protection period (typically defined as a certain time…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-11-04 Qing Feng , Ruihao Zhu , Stefanus Jasin

A seller is pricing identical copies of a good to a stream of unit-demand buyers. Each buyer has a value on the good as his private information. The seller only knows the empirical value distribution of the buyer population and chooses the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Siddhartha Banerjee , Kamesh Munagala , Yiheng Shen , Kangning Wang

Learning user preferences for products based on their past purchases or reviews is at the cornerstone of modern recommendation engines. One complication in this learning task is that some users are more likely to purchase products or review…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Wanning Chen , Mohsen Bayati

A firm that sells a non perishable product considers intertemporal price discrimination in the objective of maximizing its long-run average revenue. We consider a general model of patient customers with changing valuations. Arriving…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-02-17 Araman Victor , Fayad Bassam