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The fundamental learning theory behind neural networks remains largely open. What classes of functions can neural networks actually learn? Why doesn't the trained network overfit when it is overparameterized? In this work, we prove that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Zeyuan Allen-Zhu , Yuanzhi Li , Yingyu Liang

A quadratic approximation of neural network loss landscapes has been extensively used to study the optimization process of these networks. Though, it usually holds in a very small neighborhood of the minimum, it cannot explain many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Chao Ma , Daniel Kunin , Lei Wu , Lexing Ying

Lattice reduction is a combinatorial optimization problem aimed at finding the most orthogonal basis in a given lattice. The Lenstra-Lenstra-Lov\'asz (LLL) algorithm is the best algorithm in the literature for solving this problem. In light…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Giovanni Luca Marchetti , Gabriele Cesa , Pratik Kumar , Arash Behboodi

Efficient solving of an unseen optimization problem is related to appropriate selection of an optimization algorithm and its hyper-parameters. For this purpose, automated algorithm performance prediction should be performed that in most…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-10-25 Risto Trajanov , Stefan Dimeski , Martin Popovski , Peter Korošec , Tome Eftimov

Deep learning has achieved many breakthroughs in modern classification tasks. Numerous architectures have been proposed for different data structures but when it comes to the loss function, the cross-entropy loss is the predominant choice.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-08 Tianyang Hu , Jun Wang , Wenjia Wang , Zhenguo Li

Supervised training of neural networks for classification is typically performed with a global loss function. The loss function provides a gradient for the output layer, and this gradient is back-propagated to hidden layers to dictate an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-09 Arild Nøkland , Lars Hiller Eidnes

We prove that finding all globally optimal two-layer ReLU neural networks can be performed by solving a convex optimization program with cone constraints. Our analysis is novel, characterizes all optimal solutions, and does not leverage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Yifei Wang , Jonathan Lacotte , Mert Pilanci

The empirical success of machine learning models with many more parameters than measurements has generated an interest in the theory of overparameterisation, i.e., underdetermined models. This paradigm has recently been studied in domains…

The paper addresses parametric inequality systems described by polynomial functions in finite dimensions, where state-dependent infinite parameter sets are given by finitely many polynomial inequalities and equalities. Such systems can be…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-09-15 G. Li , B. S. Mordukhovich , T. T. A. Nghia , T. S. Pham

The loss function is arguably among the most important hyperparameters for a neural network. Many loss functions have been designed to date, making a correct choice nontrivial. However, elaborate justifications regarding the choice of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Simon Dräger , Jannik Dunkelau

This theoretical paper is devoted to developing a rigorous theory for demystifying the global convergence phenomenon in a challenging scenario: learning over-parameterized Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) nets for very high dimensional dataset…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Peng He

The objective of this paper is to enhance the optimization process for neural networks by developing a dynamic learning rate algorithm that effectively integrates exponential decay and advanced anti-overfitting strategies. Our primary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Jatin Chaudhary , Dipak Nidhi , Jukka Heikkonen , Haari Merisaari , Rajiv Kanth

Due to the non-convex nature of training Deep Neural Network (DNN) models, their effectiveness relies on the use of non-convex optimization heuristics. Traditional methods for training DNNs often require costly empirical methods to produce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Tolga Ergen , Mert Pilanci

Deep neural networks trained using a softmax layer at the top and the cross-entropy loss are ubiquitous tools for image classification. Yet, this does not naturally enforce intra-class similarity nor inter-class margin of the learned deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-06 José Lezama , Qiang Qiu , Pablo Musé , Guillermo Sapiro

The success of deep learning over the past decade mainly relies on gradient-based optimisation and backpropagation. This paper focuses on analysing the performance of first-order gradient-based optimisation algorithms, gradient descent and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-12-08 Behnam Mafakheri , Iman Shames , Jonathan H. Manton

This paper investigates the deep learning optimization problem with softmax cross-entropy loss. We propose a layer separation strategy to alleviate the strong nonconvexity encountered during training deep networks. For cross-entropy models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yaru Liu , Michael K. Ng , Yiqi Gu

We study nonconvex optimization landscapes for learning overcomplete representations, including learning (i) sparsely used overcomplete dictionaries and (ii) convolutional dictionaries, where these unsupervised learning problems find many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-11 Qing Qu , Yuexiang Zhai , Xiao Li , Yuqian Zhang , Zhihui Zhu

Recent work has established clear links between the generalization performance of trained neural networks and the geometry of their loss landscape near the local minima to which they converge. This suggests that qualitative and quantitative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Stefan Horoi , Jessie Huang , Bastian Rieck , Guillaume Lajoie , Guy Wolf , Smita Krishnaswamy

In this paper, we theoretically prove that gradient descent can find a global minimum of non-convex optimization of all layers for nonlinear deep neural networks of sizes commonly encountered in practice. The theory developed in this paper…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-18 Kenji Kawaguchi , Jiaoyang Huang

Generalization and optimization guarantees on the population loss often rely on uniform convergence based analysis, typically based on the Rademacher complexity of the predictors. The rich representation power of modern models has led to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Arindam Banerjee , Qiaobo Li , Yingxue Zhou
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