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In this article we will review recent measurements of directed flow $v_1$ and elliptic flow $v_2$ in Au+Au collisions from the STAR Beam Energy Scan (BES) program. We systematically analyze the $v_1$ distributions for identified hadrons…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2026-03-19 Xionghong He , Shusu Shi , Nu Xu

ANN model is used to estimate the multiplicity per rapidity for charged pions and kaons observed in various high-energy experiments from central Au+Au collisions with energies ranging from 2-200 GeV, and then compared to available…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-02-16 D. M. Habashy , Mahmoud Y. El-Bakry , Abdel Nasser Tawfik , R. M. Abdel Rahman , Mahmoud Hanafy

The Compressed Baryonic Matter experiment at FAIR will investigate the QCD phase diagram in the region of high net-baryon densities. Enhanced production of strange baryons, such as the most abundantly produced $\Lambda$ hyperons, can signal…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-02-16 Shahid Khan , Viktor Klochkov , Olha Lavoryk , Oleksii Lubynets , Ali Imdad Khan , Andrea Dubla , Ilya Selyuzhenkov

Using a (3+1)-dimensional hybrid framework with parametric initial conditions, we study the rapidity-dependent directed flow $v_1(y)$ of identified particles, including pions, kaons, protons, and lambdas in heavy-ion collisions. Cases…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2024-05-09 Lipei Du , Chun Shen , Sangyong Jeon , Charles Gale

Two of the most interesting experimental results of heavy-ion reactions at RHIC collider energies are in the hard scattering sector where central Au+Au data show a very different behaviour compared to p+p and peripheral Au+Au collisions.…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2014-11-18 David d'Enterria

We present a framework for spin dynamics in the quark-gluon plasma created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Under the approximation of small polarization, macroscopic spin degrees of freedom decouple from the background, and their…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-11-13 Sapna , Sushant K. Singh , David Wagner

The compressed baryonic matter (CBM) experiment at the future FAIR accelerator facility near Darmstadt, Germany, aims at the investigation of baryonic matter at highest net baryon densities but moderate temperatures, by colliding heavy-ions…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2011-12-05 A. Prakash , P. P. Bhaduri , S. Chattopadhyay , A. Dubey , B. K. Singh

The behavior of hadronic matter at high baryon densities is studied within Ultrarelativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (URQMD). Baryonic stopping is observed for Au+Au collisions from SIS up to SPS energies. The excitation function of flow…

Elliptic flow ($v_{2}$) values for identified particles at mid-rapidity in Au+Au collisions, measured by the STAR experiment in the Beam Energy Scan at RHIC at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 7.7--62.4 GeV, are presented. A beam-energy dependent…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2015-06-12 L. Adamczyk , J. K. Adkins , G. Agakishiev , M. M. Aggarwal , Z. Ahammed , I. Alekseev , J. Alford , C. D. Anson , A. Aparin , D. Arkhipkin , E. Aschenauer , G. S. Averichev , J. Balewski , A. Banerjee , Z. Barnovska , D. R. Beavis , R. Bellwied , M. J. Betancourt , R. R. Betts , A. Bhasin , A. K. Bhati , Bhattarai , H. Bichsel , J. Bielcik , J. Bielcikova , L. C. Bland , I. G. Bordyuzhin , W. Borowski , J. Bouchet , A. V. Brandin , S. G. Brovko , E. Bruna , S. Bültmann , I. Bunzarov , T. P. Burton , J. Butterworth , H. Caines , M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez , D. Cebra , R. Cendejas , M. C. Cervantes , P. Chaloupka , Z. Chang , S. Chattopadhyay , H. F. Chen , J. H. Chen , J. Y. Chen , L. Chen , J. Cheng , M. Cherney , A. Chikanian , W. Christie , P. Chung , J. Chwastowski , M. J. M. Codrington , R. Corliss , J. G. Cramer , H. J. Crawford , X. Cui , S. Das , A. Davila Leyva , L. C. De Silva , R. R. Debbe , T. G. Dedovich , J. Deng , R. Derradi de Souza , S. Dhamija , B. di Ruzza , L. Didenko , Dilks , F. Ding , A. Dion , P. Djawotho , X. Dong , J. L. Drachenberg , J. E. Draper , C. M. Du , L. E. Dunkelberger , J. C. Dunlop , L. G. Efimov , M. Elnimr , J. Engelage , K. S. Engle , G. Eppley , L. Eun , O. Evdokimov , R. Fatemi , S. Fazio , J. Fedorisin , R. G. Fersch , P. Filip , E. Finch , Y. Fisyak , C. E. Flores , C. A. Gagliardi , D. R. Gangadharan , D. Garand , F. Geurts , A. Gibson , S. Gliske , O. G. Grebenyuk , D. Grosnick , Y. Guo , A. Gupta , S. Gupta , W. Guryn , B. Haag , O. Hajkova , A. Hamed , L-X. Han , R. Haque , J. W. Harris , J. P. Hays-Wehle , S. Heppelmann , A. Hirsch , G. W. Hoffmann , D. J. Hofman , S. Horvat , B. Huang , H. Z. Huang , P. Huck , T. J. Humanic , G. Igo , W. W. Jacobs , C. Jena , E. G. Judd , S. Kabana , K. Kang , K. Kauder , H. W. Ke , D. Keane , A. Kechechyan , A. Kesich , D. P. Kikola , J. Kiryluk , I. Kisel , A. Kisiel , D. D. Koetke , T. Kollegger , J. Konzer , I. Koralt , W. Korsch , L. Kotchenda , P. Kravtsov , K. Krueger , I. Kulakov , L. Kumar , M. A. C. Lamont , J. M. Landgraf , K. D. Landry , S. LaPointe , J. Lauret , A. Lebedev , R. Lednicky , J. H. Lee , W. Leight , M. J. LeVine , C. Li , W. Li , X. Li , X. Li , Y. Li , Z. M. Li , L. M. Lima , M. A. Lisa , F. Liu , T. Ljubicic , W. J. Llope , R. S. Longacre , X. Luo , A. Luszczak , G. L. Ma , Y. G. Ma , D. M. M. D. Madagodagettige Don , D. P. Mahapatra , R. Majka , S. Margetis , C. Markert , H. Masui , H. S. Matis , D. McDonald , T. S. McShane , S. Mioduszewski , M. K. Mitrovski , Y. Mohammed , B. Mohanty , M. M. Mondal , M. G. Munhoz , M. K. Mustafa , M. Naglis , B. K. Nandi , Md. Nasim , T. K. Nayak , J. M. Nelson , L. V. Nogach , J. Novak , G. Odyniec , A. Ogawa , K. Oh , A. Ohlson , V. Okorokov , E. W. Oldag , R. A. N. Oliveira , D. Olson , M. Pachr , B. S. Page , S. K. Pal , Y. X. Pan , Y. Pandit , Y. Panebratsev , T. Pawlak , B. Pawlik , H. Pei , C. Perkins , W. Peryt , P. Pile , M. Planinic , J. Pluta , D. Plyku , N. Poljak , J. Porter , A. M. Poskanzer , C. B. Powell , C. Pruneau , N. K. Pruthi , M. Przybycien , P. R. Pujahari , J. Putschke , H. Qiu , S. Ramachandran , R. Raniwala , S. Raniwala , R. L. Ray , C. K. Riley , H. G. Ritter , J. B. Roberts , O. V. Rogachevskiy , J. L. Romero , J. F. Ross , A. Roy , L. Ruan , J. Rusnak , N. R. Sahoo , P. K. Sahu , I. Sakrejda , S. Salur , A. Sandacz , J. Sandweiss , E. Sangaline , A. Sarkar , J. Schambach , R. P. Scharenberg , A. M. Schmah , B. Schmidke , N. Schmitz , T. R. Schuster , J. Seger , P. Seyboth , N. Shah , E. Shahaliev , M. Shao , B. Sharma , M. Sharma , W. Q. Shen , S. S. Shi , Q. Y. Shou , E. P. Sichtermann , R. N. Singaraju , M. J. Skoby , D. Smirnov , N. Smirnov , D. Solanki , P. Sorensen , U. G. deSouza , H. M. Spinka , B. Srivastava , T. D. S. Stanislaus , J. R. Stevens , R. Stock , M. Strikhanov , B. Stringfellow , A. A. P. Suaide , M. C. Suarez , M. Sumbera , X. M. Sun , Y. Sun , Z. Sun , B. Surrow , D. N. Svirida , T. J. M. Symons , A. Szanto de Toledo , J. Takahashi , A. H. Tang , Z. Tang , L. H. Tarini , T. Tarnowsky , J. H. Thomas , A. R. Timmins , D. Tlusty , M. Tokarev , S. Trentalange , R. E. Tribble , P. Tribedy , B. A. Trzeciak , O. D. Tsai , J. Turnau , T. Ullrich , D. G. Underwood , G. Van Buren , G. van Nieuwenhuizen , J. A. Vanfossen, , R. Varma , G. M. S. Vasconcelos , R. Vertesi , F. Videbæk , Y. P. Viyogi , S. Vokal , S. A. Voloshin , A. Vossen , M. Wada , M. Walker , F. Wang , G. Wang , H. Wang , J. S. Wang , Q. Wang , X. L. Wang , Y. Wang , G. Webb , J. C. Webb , G. D. Westfall , H. Wieman , S. W. Wissink , R. Witt , Y. F. Wu , Z. Xiao , W. Xie , K. Xin , H. Xu , N. Xu , Q. H. Xu , W. Xu , Y. Xu , Z. Xu , Yan , C. Yang , Y. Yang , Y. Yang , P. Yepes , L. Yi , K. Yip , I-K. Yoo , Y. Zawisza , H. Zbroszczyk , W. Zha , J. B. Zhang , S. Zhang , X. P. Zhang , Y. Zhang , Z. P. Zhang , F. Zhao , J. Zhao , C. Zhong , X. Zhu , Y. H. Zhu , Y. Zoulkarneeva , M. Zyzak

The extreme temperatures and energy densities generated by ultra-relativistic collisions between heavy nuclei produce a state of matter with surprising fluid properties. Non-central collisions have angular momentum on the order of…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2017-08-29 STAR Collaboration

We develop a new dynamical model for high energy heavy-ion collisions in the beam energy region of the highest net-baryon densities on the basis of non-equilibrium microscopic transport model JAM and macroscopic 3+1D hydrodynamics by…

The cumulants of baryon multiplicity distribution in relativistic heavy-ion collisions (HICs) have attracted considerable attention recently. It has been conjectured that they may serve as a promising observable to detect the critical end…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-09-04 Yongjia Wang , Yunxiao Ye , QIngfeng Li

Incorporating for the first time both the spin and isospin degrees of freedom explicitly in transport model simulations of intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions, we observe that a local spin polarization appears during collision process.…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2013-07-09 Jun Xu , Bao-An Li

In high energy heavy-ion collisions, the two colliding nuclei pass through each other leaving behind an almost baryon free central rapidity region. Most of the baryons are carried away by the nuclear remnants and are located in the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-01-02 Ming Li , Chun Shen

We propose a test-particle method to probe the transport dynamics of the establishment and development of collective flow in large and small systems of heavy-ion collisions. We place test particles as passengers into the partonic medium…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-12-20 Han-Sheng Wang , Guo-Liang Ma

We perform a systematic study of the spin polarization of hyperons in heavy-ion collisions using the MUSIC hydrodynamic model with A Multi-Phase Transport (AMPT) pre-equilibrium dynamics. Our model calculations nicely describe the measured…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2021-02-10 Baochi Fu , Kai Xu , Xu-Guang Huang , Huichao Song

Flow measurements of multi-strange baryons from Au + Au collisions at RHIC energies demonstrate that collectivity develops before hadronization, among partons. To pin down the partonic EOS of matter produced at RHIC, the status of…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2015-06-26 K. Schweda

The multiplicity of charged particles produced in Au+Au collisions as a function of energy, centrality, rapidity and azimuthal angle has been measured with the PHOBOS detector at RHIC. These results contribute to our understanding of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-08-23 Peter A. Steinberg

The conditions of local thermodynamic equilibrium of baryons (non-strange, strange) and mesons (strange) are presented for central Au + Au collisions at FAIR energies using the microscopic transport model UrQMD. The net particle density,…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-10-25 Somnath De , Sudipan De , Subhasis Chattopadhyay

Within the relativistic mean-field framework with hadron masses and coupling constants dependent on the mean scalar field we study properties of nuclear matter at finite temperatures, baryon densities and isospin asymmetries relevant for…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-10-12 K. A. Maslov , D. N. Voskresensky
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