Probing in-medium spin-orbit potential with intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions

Incorporating for the first time both the spin and isospin degrees of freedom explicitly in transport model simulations of intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions, we observe that a local spin polarization appears during collision process. Most interestingly, it is found that the nucleon spin up-down differential transverse flow is a sensitive probe of the spin-orbit interaction, providing a novel approach to probe both the density and isospin dependence of the in-medium spin-orbit coupling that is important for understanding the structure of rare isotopes and synthesis of superheavy elements.