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The flexibility and accuracy of methods for automatically counting objects in images and videos are limited by the way the object can be specified. While existing methods allow users to describe the target object with text and visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Niki Amini-Naieni , Andrew Zisserman

Adapting pre-trained models to open classes is a challenging problem in machine learning. Vision-language models fully explore the knowledge of text modality, demonstrating strong zero-shot recognition performance, which is naturally suited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Zhengqing Gao , Xiang Ao , Xu-Yao Zhang , Cheng-Lin Liu

Object counting has achieved remarkable success on visible instances, yet state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods fail under occlusion. This failure stems from a fundamental architectural limitation where backbone networks encode occluding surfaces…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Safaeid Hossain Arib , Rabeya Akter , Abdul Monaf Chowdhury , Md Jubair Ahmed Sourov , Md Mehedi Hasan

Recent research shows that pre-trained language models (PLMs) suffer from "prompt bias" in factual knowledge extraction, i.e., prompts tend to introduce biases toward specific labels. Prompt bias presents a significant challenge in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Ziyang Xu , Keqin Peng , Liang Ding , Dacheng Tao , Xiliang Lu

Though CLIP-based prompt tuning significantly enhances pre-trained Vision-Language Models, existing research focuses on reconstructing the model architecture, e.g., additional loss calculation and meta-networks. These approaches generally…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Haoyang Li , Siyu Zhou , Liang Wang , Guodong Long

Language models are known to absorb biases from their training data, leading to predictions driven by statistical regularities rather than semantic relevance. We investigate the impact of these biases on answer choice preferences in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Kyle Moore , Jesse Roberts , Thao Pham , Douglas Fisher

This paper tackles the problem of object counting in images. Existing approaches rely on extensive training data with point annotations for each object, making data collection labor-intensive and time-consuming. To overcome this, we propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Zenglin Shi , Ying Sun , Mengmi Zhang

Explainable object recognition using vision-language models such as CLIP involves predicting accurate category labels supported by rationales that justify the decision-making process. Existing methods typically rely on prompt-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Ali Rasekh , Sepehr Kazemi Ranjbar , Simon Gottschalk

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) excel at multimodal reasoning, yet it remains unclear whether their answers are grounded in visual evidence or driven by learned language and world priors. Counting provides a precise testbed: when visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Reem Alzahrani , Hassan Alshanqiti , Bushra Bin Hemid , Zaid Alyafeai , Abdelrahman Eldesokey , Bernard Ghanem

Zero-shot object counting (ZSOC) aims to enumerate objects of arbitrary categories specified by text descriptions without requiring visual exemplars. However, existing methods often treat counting as a coarse retrieval task, suffering from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Da Zhang , Bingyu Li , Feiyu Wang , Zhiyuan Zhao , Junyu Gao

The missing modality problem poses a fundamental challenge in multimodal sentiment analysis, significantly degrading model accuracy and generalization in real world scenarios. Existing approaches primarily improve robustness through prompt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Rongfei Chen , Tingting Zhang , Xiaoyu Shen , Wei Zhang

Classical object detectors are incapable of detecting novel class objects that are not encountered before. Regarding this issue, Open-Vocabulary Object Detection (OVOD) is proposed, which aims to detect the objects in the candidate class…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Zhao Wang , Aoxue Li , Fengwei Zhou , Zhenguo Li , Qi Dou

Despite recent progress in video generation, inference speed remains a major bottleneck. A common acceleration strategy involves reusing model outputs via caching mechanisms at fixed intervals. However, we find that such fixed-frequency…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Zishen Huang , Chunyu Yang , Mengyuan Ren

The Common Objects in Context (COCO) dataset has been instrumental in benchmarking object detectors over the past decade. Like every dataset, COCO contains subtle errors and imperfections stemming from its annotation procedure. With the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Shweta Singh , Aayan Yadav , Jitesh Jain , Humphrey Shi , Justin Johnson , Karan Desai

Although existing semi-supervised learning models achieve remarkable success in learning with unannotated in-distribution data, they mostly fail to learn on unlabeled data sampled from novel semantic classes due to their closed-set…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Sheng Zhang , Salman Khan , Zhiqiang Shen , Muzammal Naseer , Guangyi Chen , Fahad Khan

Recent advances in large pre-trained vision-language models have demonstrated remarkable performance on zero-shot downstream tasks. Building upon this, recent studies, such as CoOp and CoCoOp, have proposed the use of prompt learning, where…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Gahyeon Kim , Sohee Kim , Seokju Lee

This work proposes POMP, a prompt pre-training method for vision-language models. Being memory and computation efficient, POMP enables the learned prompt to condense semantic information for a rich set of visual concepts with over…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Shuhuai Ren , Aston Zhang , Yi Zhu , Shuai Zhang , Shuai Zheng , Mu Li , Alex Smola , Xu Sun

Contrastively trained text-image models have the remarkable ability to perform zero-shot classification, that is, classifying previously unseen images into categories that the model has never been explicitly trained to identify. However,…

Reasoning benchmarks such as the Abstraction and Reasoning Corpus (ARC) and ARC-AGI are widely used to assess progress in artificial intelligence and are often interpreted as probes of core, so-called ``fluid'' reasoning abilities. Despite…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Xinhe Wang , Jin Huang , Xingjian Zhang , Tianhao Wang , Jiaqi W. Ma

For many business applications, we often seek to analyze sentiments associated with any arbitrary aspects of commercial products, despite having a very limited amount of labels or even without any labels at all. However, existing aspect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-09 Ronald Seoh , Ian Birle , Mrinal Tak , Haw-Shiuan Chang , Brian Pinette , Alfred Hough