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Open-world text-guided class-agnostic counting (CAC) has emerged as a flexible paradigm for counting arbitrary object classes by using natural language prompts. However, current evaluation protocols primarily focus on standard counting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Giacomo Pacini , Luca Ciampi , Nicola Messina , Nicola Tonellotto , Giuseppe Amato , Fabrizio Falchi

Visual object counting has recently shifted towards class-agnostic counting (CAC), which addresses the challenge of counting objects across arbitrary categories, a crucial capability for flexible and generalizable counting systems. Unlike…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Luca Ciampi , Ali Azmoudeh , Elif Ecem Akbaba , Erdi Sarıtaş , Ziya Ata Yazıcı , Hazım Kemal Ekenel , Giuseppe Amato , Fabrizio Falchi

Class-Agnostic Counting (CAC) seeks to accurately count objects in a given image with only a few reference examples. While previous methods achieving this relied on additional training, recent efforts have shown that it's possible to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Yuhao Lin , Haiming Xu , Lingqiao Liu , Javen Qinfeng Shi

Existing class-agnostic counting models typically rely on a single type of prompt, e.g., box annotations. This paper aims to establish a comprehensive prompt-based counting framework capable of generating density maps for concerned objects…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Wei Lin , Antoni B. Chan

Class-Agnostic object Counting (CAC) involves counting instances of objects from arbitrary classes within an image. Due to its practical importance, CAC has received increasing attention in recent years. Most existing methods assume a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Michail Spanakis , Iason Oikonomidis , Antonis Argyros

Class-agnostic counting methods enumerate objects of an arbitrary class, providing tremendous utility in many fields. Prior works have limited usefulness as they require either a set of examples of the type to be counted or that the query…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Michael A. Hobley , Victor A. Prisacariu

Class agnostic counting (CAC) is a vision task that can be used to count the total occurrence number of any given reference objects in the query image. The task is usually formulated as a density map estimation problem through similarity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Tsung-Han Chou , Brian Wang , Wei-Chen Chiu , Jun-Cheng Chen

Recently, Class-Agnostic Counting (CAC) problem has garnered increasing attention owing to its intriguing generality and superior efficiency compared to Category-Specific Counting (CSC). This paper proposes a novel ExpressCount to enhance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Mingjie Wang , Jun Zhou , Yong Dai , Eric Buys , Minglun Gong

Class-agnostic counting (CAC) aims to count all instances in a query image given few exemplars. A standard pipeline is to extract visual features from exemplars and match them with query images to infer object counts. Two essential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Min Shi , Hao Lu , Chen Feng , Chengxin Liu , Zhiguo Cao

Vision-language models (VLMs) offer flexible object detection through natural language prompts but suffer from performance variability depending on prompt phrasing. In this paper, we introduce a method for automated prompt refinement using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Lucas Choi , Ross Greer

Class-agnostic counting (CAC) has numerous potential applications across various domains. The goal is to count objects of an arbitrary category during testing, based on only a few annotated exemplars. In this paper, we point out that the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Jingyi Xu , Hieu Le , Dimitris Samaras

Class-agnostic object counting aims to count object instances of an arbitrary class at test time. It is challenging but also enables many potential applications. Current methods require human-annotated exemplars as inputs which are often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Jingyi Xu , Hieu Le , Dimitris Samaras

We propose a novel framework for interactive class-agnostic object counting, where a human user can interactively provide feedback to improve the accuracy of a counter. Our framework consists of two main components: a user-friendly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Yifeng Huang , Viresh Ranjan , Minh Hoai

Recent advances in large vision-language models (VLMs) have shown remarkable progress in solving the text-promptable object counting problem. Representative methods typically specify text prompts with object category information in images.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Miaojing Shi , Xiaowen Zhang , Zijie Yue , Yong Luo , Cairong Zhao , Li Li

Object counting is a fundamental task in computer vision, with broad applicability in many real-world scenarios. Fully-supervised counting methods require costly point-level annotations per object. Few weakly-supervised methods leverage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Xiaowen Zhang , Zijie Yue , Yong Luo , Cairong Zhao , Qijun Chen , Miaojing Shi

Pre-trained vision-language models, e.g., CLIP, working with manually designed prompts have demonstrated great capacity of transfer learning. Recently, learnable prompts achieve state-of-the-art performance, which however are prone to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Baoshuo Kan , Teng Wang , Wenpeng Lu , Xiantong Zhen , Weili Guan , Feng Zheng

Continual learning aims to refine model parameters for new tasks while retaining knowledge from previous tasks. Recently, prompt-based learning has emerged to leverage pre-trained models to be prompted to learn subsequent tasks without the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Jisu Han , Jaemin Na , Wonjun Hwang

The counting task, which plays a fundamental role in numerous applications (e.g., crowd counting, traffic statistics), aims to predict the number of objects with various densities. Existing object counting tasks are designed for a single…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Shengqin Jiang , Qing Wang , Fengna Cheng , Yuankai Qi , Qingshan Liu

Nearly all existing counting methods are designed for a specific object class. Our work, however, aims to create a counting model able to count any class of object. To achieve this goal, we formulate counting as a matching problem, enabling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-02 Erika Lu , Weidi Xie , Andrew Zisserman

In class-agnostic object counting, the goal is to estimate the total number of object instances in an image without distinguishing between specific categories. Existing methods often predict this count without considering class-specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Huilin Zhu , Jingling Yuan , Zhengwei Yang , Yu Guo , Xian Zhong , Shengfeng He
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