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Object detection models perform well at localizing and classifying objects that they are shown during training. However, due to the difficulty and cost associated with creating and annotating detection datasets, trained models detect a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Ayush Jaiswal , Yue Wu , Pradeep Natarajan , Premkumar Natarajan

Single-prompt accuracy is the dominant way to benchmark language models, but it can miss reliability failures that matter. We evaluate a 15-model open-weight corpus, with the main reliability analyses focused on 10 instruct models across…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Ranit Karmakar , Jayita Chatterjee

We introduce quantitative metrics for child language acquisition to evaluate language models. Our focus is on the formal syntactic and functional discourse properties of determiners in English, which young children acquire early and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Héctor Javier Vázquez Martínez , Charles Yang

Prompt learning has become an effective and widely used technique in enhancing vision-language models (VLMs) such as CLIP for various downstream tasks, particularly in zero-shot classification within specific domains. Existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Junhui Yin , Nan Pu , Xinyu Zhang , Lingfeng Yang , Lin Wu , Xiaojie Wang , Zhun Zhong

Visual anomaly detection in multi-class settings poses significant challenges due to the diversity of object categories, the scarcity of anomalous examples, and the presence of camouflaged defects. In this paper, we propose PromptMAD, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Duncan McCain , Hossein Kashiani , Fatemeh Afghah

Although recent LMMs have become much stronger at visual perception, they remain unreliable on problems that require multi-step reasoning over visual evidence. In this paper, we present UnAC (Understanding, Abstracting, and Checking), a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Yifan Wang , Yun Fu

Unpaired Image Captioning (UIC) has been developed to learn image descriptions from unaligned vision-language sample pairs. Existing works usually tackle this task using adversarial learning and visual concept reward based on reinforcement…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-21 Peipei Zhu , Xiao Wang , Lin Zhu , Zhenglong Sun , Weishi Zheng , Yaowei Wang , Changwen Chen

The class-agnostic counting (CAC) task has recently been proposed to solve the problem of counting all objects of an arbitrary class with several exemplars given in the input image. To address this challenging task, existing leading methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Hefeng Wu , Yandong Chen , Lingbo Liu , Tianshui Chen , Keze Wang , Liang Lin

Prompt learning has emerged as an efficient alternative for fine-tuning foundational models, such as CLIP, for various downstream tasks. Conventionally trained using the task-specific objective, i.e., cross-entropy loss, prompts tend to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Muhammad Uzair Khattak , Syed Talal Wasim , Muzammal Naseer , Salman Khan , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Fahad Shahbaz Khan

This paper presents a simple and effective visual prompting method for adapting pre-trained models to downstream recognition tasks. Our method includes two key designs. First, rather than directly adding together the prompt and the image,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Junyang Wu , Xianhang Li , Chen Wei , Huiyu Wang , Alan Yuille , Yuyin Zhou , Cihang Xie

Modern supervised semantic segmentation methods are usually finetuned based on the supervised or self-supervised models pre-trained on ImageNet. Recent work shows that transferring the knowledge from CLIP to semantic segmentation via prompt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Chaohui Yu , Qiang Zhou , Zhibin Wang , Fan Wang

Weakly supervised learning has emerged as a compelling tool for object detection by reducing the need for strong supervision during training. However, major challenges remain: (1) differentiation of object instances can be ambiguous; (2)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Zhongzheng Ren , Zhiding Yu , Xiaodong Yang , Ming-Yu Liu , Yong Jae Lee , Alexander G. Schwing , Jan Kautz

Instruction embedding models have become common among state-of-the-art models, however are evaluated using a single prompt per task. The single-point evaluation ignores a main problem of the instruction-based approach namely: sensitivity to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Yevhen Kostiuk , Kenneth Enevoldsen

Class-agnostic counting (CAC) aims to count objects of interest from a query image given few exemplars. This task is typically addressed by extracting the features of query image and exemplars respectively and then matching their feature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Zhicheng Wang , Liwen Xiao , Zhiguo Cao , Hao Lu

Classification tasks are widely investigated in the In-Context Learning (ICL) paradigm. However, current efforts are evaluated on disjoint benchmarks and settings, while their performances are significantly influenced by some trivial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Hakaze Cho , Naoya Inoue

Prompt tuning for vision-language models such as CLIP involves optimizing the text prompts used to generate image-text pairs for specific downstream tasks. While hand-crafted or template-based prompts are generally applicable to a wider…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Qian Zhang

Large language models are increasingly used for vulnerability detection, yet their reliability under different prompt formulations remains uncharacterized. We present PromptAudit, a controlled evaluation framework that isolates prompt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Steffen J. Camarato , Yahya Hmaiti , Mandana Ghadamian , David Mohaisen

The assessment of evaluation metrics (meta-evaluation) is crucial for determining the suitability of existing metrics in text-to-image (T2I) generation tasks. Human-based meta-evaluation is costly and time-intensive, and automated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Christoph Leiter , Yuki M. Asano , Margret Keuper , Steffen Eger

Recent progress in deterministic prompt learning has become a promising alternative to various downstream vision tasks, enabling models to learn powerful visual representations with the help of pre-trained vision-language models. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Hyeongjun Kwon , Taeyong Song , Somi Jeong , Jin Kim , Jinhyun Jang , Kwanghoon Sohn

Many works employed prompt tuning methods to automatically optimize prompt queries and extract the factual knowledge stored in Pretrained Language Models. In this paper, we observe that the optimized prompts, including discrete prompts and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Yuhang Wang , Dongyuan Lu , Chao Kong , Jitao Sang