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In small systems where relevant energies are comparable to thermal agitation, fluctuations are of the order of average values. In systems in thermodynamical equilibrium, the variance of these fluctuations can be related to the dissipation…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Nicolas Garnier , Ciliberto Sergio

A time-reversal symmetry relation is established for out-of-equilibrium dilute or rarefied gases described by the fluctuating Boltzmann equation. The relation is obtained from the associated coarse-grained master equation ruling the random…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-05 Pierre Gaspard

Using the fluctuation theorem supplemented with geometric arguments, we derive universal features of the (long-time) efficiency fluctuations for thermal and isothermal machines operating under steady or periodic driving, close or far from…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-11-26 Gatien Verley , Tim Willaert , Christian Van den Broeck , Massimiliano Esposito

We present a physically inspired generalization of equilibrium response formulae, the fluctuation-dissipation theorem, to Markov jump processes possibly describing interacting particle systems out-of-equilibrium. Here, the time-dependent…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-05 Christian Maes , Bram Wynants

The Gallavotti - Cohen Fluctuation Theorem (FT) implies an infinite set of identities between correlation functions that can be seen as a generalization of Green Kubo formula to the nonlinear regime. As an application, we discuss a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-14 Marcello Porta

In equilibrium, the fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT) expresses the response of an observable to a small perturbation by a correlation function of this variable with another one that is conjugate to the perturbation with respect to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-10-13 Udo Seifert , Thomas Speck

Minimal models of active and driven particles have recently been used to elucidate many properties non-equilibrium systems. However, the relation between energy consumption and changes in the structure and transport properties of these…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-08-03 Clara del Junco , Laura Tociu , Suriyanarayanan Vaikuntanathan

Continuing our inquiry into the conditions when fluctuation-dissipation relations (FDR) may appear in the context of nonequilibrium dynamics of open quantum systems (over and beyond the conventional FDR from linear response theory) we turn…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-07-01 Jen-Tsung Hsiang , Bei-Lok Hu

The recently developed effective field theory of fluctuations around thermal equilibrium is used to compute late-time correlation functions of conserved densities. Specializing to systems with a single conservation law, we find that the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-12-24 Xinyi Chen-Lin , Luca V. Delacrétaz , Sean A. Hartnoll

Fluctuation theorems, which have been developed over the past 15 years, have resulted in fundamental breakthroughs in our understanding of how irreversibility emerges from reversible dynamics, and have provided new statistical mechanical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-13 E. M. Sevick , R. Prabhakar , Stephen R. Williams , Debra J. Searles

Isometric fluctuation relations are deduced for the fluctuations of the order parameter in equilibrium systems of condensed-matter physics with broken discrete or continuous symmetries. These relations are similar to their analogues…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-12-14 David Lacoste , Pierre Gaspard

We present a theoretical framework to understand a modified fluctuation-dissipation theorem valid for systems close to non-equilibrium steady-states and obeying markovian dynamics. We discuss the interpretation of this result in terms of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-20 G. Verley , K. Mallick , D. Lacoste

A time-domain formulation of the equilibrium quantum fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT) in the whole range of temperatures is presented. In the classical limit, the FDT establishes a proportionality relation between the dissipative part…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 Noelle Pottier , Alain Mauger

The Fluctuation Theorems are a group of exact relations that remain valid irrespective of how far the system has been driven away from equilibrium. Other than having practical applications, like determination of equilibrium free energy…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-11-04 Sourabh Lahiri , A. M. Jayannavar

There is evidence that taking the time average of the work performed by a thermally isolated system effectively "transforms" the adiabatic process into an isothermal one. This approach allows inherent quantities of adiabatic processes to be…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-10-03 Pierre Nazé

We extend the framework of forward and reverse processes commonly utilized in the derivation and analysis of the nonequilibrium work relations to thermodynamic processes with repeated discrete feedback. Within this framework, we derive a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-12-16 Jordan M. Horowitz , Suriyanarayanan Vaikuntanathan

A quantum-mechanical framework is set up to describe the full counting statistics of particles flowing between reservoirs in an open system under time-dependent driving. A symmetry relation is obtained which is the consequence of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-07-15 David Andrieux , Pierre Gaspard , Takaaki Monnai , Shuichi Tasaki

This article traces the development of fluctuation theory and its deep connection to irreversibility, from equilibrium to near-equilibrium, and finally to far-from-equilibrium systems. Classical fluctuation theorems, which capture the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-30 Sounak Bandyopadhyay , Arnab Ghosh

A general non-linear response theory is derived for an arbitrary time-dependent Hamiltonian, not necessarily obeying time-reversal symmetry. This allows us to obtain a greatly generalized Kubo type formula. Applied to a mesoscopic system…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 Ines Safi

We discuss the "generalized fluctuation-dissipation relations (theorems)" for the first time suggested by us in 1977-1984 as statistical-thermodynamical consequences of time symmetry (reversibility) of microscopic dynamics. It is shown, in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-11 G. N. Bochkov , Yu. E. Kuzovlev