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Introduction: Healthcare AI models often inherit biases from their training data. While efforts have primarily targeted bias in structured data, mental health heavily depends on unstructured data. This study aims to detect and mitigate…

Now that AI-driven moderation has become pervasive in everyday life, we often hear claims that "the AI is biased". While this is often said jokingly, the light-hearted remark reflects a deeper concern. How can we be certain that an online…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Subhojit Ghimire

Recent critiques of Artificial-intelligence (AI)-generated visual content highlight concerns about the erosion of artistic originality, as these systems often replicate patterns from their training datasets, leading to significant…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Maria-Teresa De Rosa Palmini , Eva Cetinic

Generative AI models perturb the foundations of effective human communication. They present new challenges to contextual confidence, disrupting participants' ability to identify the authentic context of communication and their ability to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Shrey Jain , Zoë Hitzig , Pamela Mishkin

AI Safety Moderation (ASM) classifiers are designed to moderate content on social media platforms and to serve as guardrails that prevent Large Language Models (LLMs) from being fine-tuned on unsafe inputs. Owing to their potential for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Akshit Achara , Anshuman Chhabra

Generative AI systems increasingly expose powerful reasoning and image refinement capabilities through user-facing chatbot interfaces. In this work, we show that the na\"ive exposure of such capabilities fundamentally undermines modern…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Sunpill Kim , Chanwoo Hwang , Minsu Kim , Jae Hong Seo

With the growing prevalence of generative artificial intelligence (AI), an increasing amount of content is no longer exclusively generated by humans but by generative AI models with human guidance. This shift presents notable challenges for…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Yueqi Xie , Tao Qi , Jingwei Yi , Xiyuan Yang , Ryan Whalen , Junming Huang , Qian Ding , Yu Xie , Xing Xie , Fangzhao Wu

Recent generative AI systems have demonstrated more advanced persuasive capabilities and are increasingly permeating areas of life where they can influence decision-making. Generative AI presents a new risk profile of persuasion due the…

Most social media users come from the Global South, where harmful content usually appears in local languages. Yet, AI-driven moderation systems struggle with low-resource languages spoken in these regions. Through semi-structured interviews…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Farhana Shahid , Mona Elswah , Aditya Vashistha

Since its introduction in 2022, Generative AI has significantly impacted the art world, from winning state art fairs to creating complex videos from simple prompts. Amid this renaissance, a pivotal issue emerges: should users of Generative…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Yiyang Mei

Gender stereotypes are pervasive beliefs about individuals based on their gender that play a significant role in shaping societal attitudes, behaviours, and even opportunities. Recognizing the negative implications of gender stereotypes,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Isar Nejadgholi , Kathleen C. Fraser , Anna Kerkhof , Svetlana Kiritchenko

Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) speech generation and voice cloning technologies have produced naturalistic speech and accurate voice replication, yet their influence on sociotechnical systems across diverse accents and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Shira Michel , Sufi Kaur , Sarah Elizabeth Gillespie , Jeffrey Gleason , Christo Wilson , Avijit Ghosh

Robust content moderation requires classification systems that can quickly adapt to evolving policies without costly retraining. We present classification using Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), which shifts traditional classification…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Richard Willats , Josh Pennington , Aravind Mohan , Bertie Vidgen

Conversational AI is rapidly becoming a primary interface for information seeking and decision making, yet most systems still assume idealized users. In practice, human reasoning is bounded by limited attention, uneven knowledge, and…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Jiqun Liu

This paper investigates how hate speech varies in systematic ways according to the identities it targets. Across multiple hate speech datasets annotated for targeted identities, we find that classifiers trained on hate speech targeting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-08 Michael Miller Yoder , Lynnette Hui Xian Ng , David West Brown , Kathleen M. Carley

Recently research has started focusing on avoiding undesired effects that come with content moderation, such as censorship and overblocking, when dealing with hatred online. The core idea is to directly intervene in the discussion with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-10 Serra Sinem Tekiroglu , Yi-Ling Chung , Marco Guerini

AI-generated media products are increasingly prevalent in the news industry, yet their impacts on audience perception remain underexplored. Traditional media often employs negative framing to capture attention and capitalize on news…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Wen Ku , Yihan Liu , Wei Zhang , Pengcheng An

The ability of Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods to categorize text into multiple classes has motivated their use in online content moderation tasks, such as hate speech and fake news detection. However, there is limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Neemesh Yadav , Jiarui Liu , Francesco Ortu , Roya Ensafi , Zhijing Jin , Rada Mihalcea

With the rapid uptake of generative AI, investigating human perceptions of generated responses has become crucial. A major challenge is their `aptitude' for hallucinating and generating harmful contents. Despite major efforts for…

AI-based systems such as language models have been shown to replicate and even amplify social biases reflected in their training data. Among other questionable behaviors, this can lead to AI-generated text--and text suggestions--that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Connor Baumler , Hal Daumé