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Generative AI tools are increasingly embedded in everyday work and learning, yet their fluency, opacity, and propensity to hallucinate mean that users must critically evaluate AI outputs rather than accept them at face value. The present…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Gabriel R. Lau , Wei Yan Low , Louis Tay , Ysabel Guevarra , Dragan Gašević , Andree Hartanto

Human communication is increasingly intermixed with language generated by AI. Across chat, email, and social media, AI systems suggest words, complete sentences, or produce entire conversations. AI-generated language is often not identified…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Maurice Jakesch , Jeffrey Hancock , Mor Naaman

Toxic language detection systems often falsely flag text that contains minority group mentions as toxic, as those groups are often the targets of online hate. Such over-reliance on spurious correlations also causes systems to struggle with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Thomas Hartvigsen , Saadia Gabriel , Hamid Palangi , Maarten Sap , Dipankar Ray , Ece Kamar

Speech AI Technologies are largely trained on publicly available datasets or by the massive web-crawling of speech. In both cases, data acquisition focuses on minimizing collection effort, without necessarily taking the data subjects'…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Orestis Papakyriakopoulos , Alice Xiang

Social media platforms struggle to protect users from harmful content through content moderation. These platforms have recently leveraged machine learning models to cope with the vast amount of user-generated content daily. Since moderation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-27 Donghyun Son , Byounggyu Lew , Kwanghee Choi , Yongsu Baek , Seungwoo Choi , Beomjun Shin , Sungjoo Ha , Buru Chang

As AI advances in text generation, human trust in AI generated content remains constrained by biases that go beyond concerns of accuracy. This study explores how bias shapes the perception of AI versus human generated content. Through three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Tiffany Zhu , Iain Weissburg , Kexun Zhang , William Yang Wang

The rapid and wide-scale adoption of AI to generate human speech poses a range of significant ethical and safety risks to society that need to be addressed. For example, a growing number of speech generation incidents are associated with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Wiebke Hutiri , Oresiti Papakyriakopoulos , Alice Xiang

Large language model-based AI companions are increasingly viewed by users as friends or romantic partners, leading to deep emotional bonds. However, they can generate biased, discriminatory, and harmful outputs. Recently, users are taking…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Xianzhe Fan , Qing Xiao , Xuhui Zhou , Jiaxin Pei , Maarten Sap , Zhicong Lu , Hong Shen

Many educational technologies use artificial intelligence (AI) that presents generated or produced language to the learner. We contend that all language, including all AI communication, encodes information about the identity of the human or…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Amanda Buddemeyer , Erin Walker , Malihe Alikhani

Hate speech is one of the main threats posed by the widespread use of social networks, despite efforts to limit it. Although attention has been devoted to this issue, the lack of datasets and case studies centered around scarcely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Camilla Casula , Sara Tonelli

AI-generated text has proliferated across various online platforms, offering both transformative prospects and posing significant risks related to misinformation and manipulation. Addressing these challenges, this paper introduces SAID…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Wanyun Cui , Linqiu Zhang , Qianle Wang , Shuyang Cai

As generative Artificial Intelligence (genAI) technologies proliferate across sectors, they offer significant benefits but also risk exacerbating discrimination. This chapter explores how genAI intersects with non-discrimination laws,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Philipp Hacker

There is strong agreement that generative AI should be regulated, but strong disagreement on how to approach regulation. While some argue that AI regulation should mostly rely on extensions of existing laws, others argue that entirely new…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Ruth Elisabeth Appel

As generative artificial intelligence (AI) enables the creation and dissemination of information at massive scale and speed, it is increasingly important to understand how people perceive AI-generated content. One prominent policy proposal…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Isabel O. Gallegos , Chen Shani , Weiyan Shi , Federico Bianchi , Izzy Gainsburg , Dan Jurafsky , Robb Willer

In this paper, we study how different Reddit communities discuss generative AI in high school education, focusing on learning, academic integrity, AI detection, and emotional framing. Using 3,789 posts from five education-related…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Parth Gaba , Emiliano De Cristofaro

AI-based social media platforms has already transformed the nature of economic and social interaction. AI enables the massive scale and highly personalized nature of online information sharing that we now take for granted. Extensive…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Atrisha Sarkar , Gillian K. Hadfield

Reclaimed slur usage is a common and meaningful practice online for many marginalized communities. It serves as a source of solidarity, identity, and shared experience. However, contemporary automated and AI-based moderation tools for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Christina Chance , Rebecca Pattichis , Arjun Subramonian , James He , Shruti Narayanan , Saadia Gabriel , Kai-Wei Chang

With Internet users constantly leaving a trail of text, whether through blogs, emails, or social media posts, the ability to write and protest anonymously is being eroded because artificial intelligence, when given a sample of previous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Rishi Balakrishnan , Stephen Sloan , Anil Aswani

The rapid deployment of generative language models (LMs) has raised concerns about social biases affecting the well-being of diverse consumers. The extant literature on generative LMs has primarily examined bias via explicit identity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Evan Shieh , Faye-Marie Vassel , Cassidy Sugimoto , Thema Monroe-White

The widespread dissemination of hate speech, harassment, harmful and sexual content, and violence across websites and media platforms presents substantial challenges and provokes widespread concern among different sectors of society.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Nouar AlDahoul , Myles Joshua Toledo Tan , Harishwar Reddy Kasireddy , Yasir Zaki