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Medical imaging is critical for diagnostics, but clinical adoption of advanced AI-driven imaging faces challenges due to patient variability, image artifacts, and limited model generalization. While deep learning has transformed image…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-02 Abdul-mojeed Olabisi Ilyas , Adeleke Maradesa , Jamal Banzi , Jianpan Huang , Henry K. F. Mak , Kannie W. Y. Chan

Multimodal evidence is critical in computational pathology: gigapixel whole slide images capture tumor morphology, while patient-level clinical descriptors preserve complementary context for prognosis. Integrating such heterogeneous signals…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Chengying She , Chengwei Chen , Xinran Zhang , Ben Wang , Lizhuang Liu , Chengwei Shao , Yun Bian

Interpretability in machine learning models is important in high-stakes decisions, such as whether to order a biopsy based on a mammographic exam. Mammography poses important challenges that are not present in other computer vision tasks:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Alina Jade Barnett , Fides Regina Schwartz , Chaofan Tao , Chaofan Chen , Yinhao Ren , Joseph Y. Lo , Cynthia Rudin

Histomorphology is crucial in cancer diagnosis. However, existing whole slide image (WSI) classification methods struggle to effectively incorporate histomorphology information, limiting their ability to capture key pathological features.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Baizhi Wang , Rui Yan , Wenxin Ma , Xu Zhang , Yuhao Wang , Xiaolong Li , Yunjie Gu , Zihang Jiang , S. Kevin Zhou

The integration of DNA methylation data with a Whole Slide Image (WSI) offers significant potential for enhancing the diagnostic precision of central nervous system (CNS) tumor classification in neuropathology. While existing approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Omnia Alwazzan , Amaya Gallagher-Syed , Thomas O. Millner , Sebastian Brandner , Ioannis Patras , Silvia Marino , Gregory Slabaugh

Technological advances in medical data collection, such as high-throughput genomic sequencing and digital high-resolution histopathology, have contributed to the rising requirement for multimodal biomedical modelling, specifically for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Konstantin Hemker , Nikola Simidjievski , Mateja Jamnik

Recent advances in large vision-language models (LVLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on general-purpose medical tasks. However, their effectiveness in specialized domains such as dentistry remains underexplored. In particular,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Jing Hao , Yuxuan Fan , Yanpeng Sun , Kaixin Guo , Lizhuo Lin , Jinrong Yang , Qi Yong H. Ai , Lun M. Wong , Hao Tang , Kuo Feng Hung

Medical foundation models (MFMs) aim to learn universal representations from multimodal medical images that can generalize effectively to diverse downstream clinical tasks. However, most existing MFMs suffer from information ambiguity that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yihang Liu , Longzhen Yang , Jiaxiong Yang , Ying Wen , Lianghua He , Heng Tao Shen

Deep learning has significantly advanced automated brain tumor diagnosis, yet clinical adoption remains limited by interpretability and computational constraints. Conventional models often act as opaque ''black boxes'' and fail to quantify…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Sepehr Salem Ghahfarokhi , M. Moein Esfahani , Raj Sunderraman , Vince Calhoun , Mohammed Alser

This work is motivated by multimodality breast cancer imaging data, which is quite challenging in that the signals of discrete tumor-associated microvesicles (TMVs) are randomly distributed with heterogeneous patterns. This imposes a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-22 Xiwei Tang , Xuan Bi , Annie Qu

Multimodal pathological images are usually in clinical diagnosis, but computer vision-based multimodal image-assisted diagnosis faces challenges with modality fusion, especially in the absence of expert-annotated data. To achieve the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Qinghua Lin , Guang-Hai Liu , Zuoyong Li , Yang Li , Yuting Jiang , Xiang Wu

Human tissue and its constituent cells form a microenvironment that is fundamentally three-dimensional (3D). However, the standard-of-care in pathologic diagnosis involves selecting a few two-dimensional (2D) sections for microscopic…

Existing deep learning models for chest radiology often neglect patient metadata, limiting diagnostic accuracy and fairness. To bridge this gap, we introduce MetaCheX, a novel multimodal framework that integrates chest X-ray images with…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-17 Nathan He , Cody Chen

The increasing global prevalence of mental disorders, such as depression and PTSD, requires objective and scalable diagnostic tools. Traditional clinical assessments often face limitations in accessibility, objectivity, and consistency.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-03 Abdelrahaman A. Hassan , Abdelrahman A. Ali , Aya E. Fouda , Radwa J. Hanafy , Mohammed E. Fouda

Multi-modal learning plays a crucial role in cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Current deep learning based multi-modal approaches are often limited by their abilities to model the complex correlations between genomics and histology data,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-21 Yupei Zhang , Xiaofei Wang , Fangliangzi Meng , Jin Tang , Chao Li

Real-world problems are often dependent on multiple data modalities, making multimodal fusion essential for leveraging diverse information sources. In high-stakes domains, such as in healthcare, understanding how each modality contributes…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Mafalda Malafaia , Thalea Schlender , Tanja Alderliesten , Peter A. N. Bosman

Oral cancer is frequently diagnosed at later stages due to its similarity to other lesions. Existing research on computer aided diagnosis has made progress using deep learning; however, most approaches remain limited by small, imbalanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Joy Naoum , Revana Salama , Ali Hamdi

Developing self-supervised learning (SSL) models that can learn universal and transferable representations of H&E gigapixel whole-slide images (WSIs) is becoming increasingly valuable in computational pathology. These models hold the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-07 Guillaume Jaume , Anurag Vaidya , Andrew Zhang , Andrew H. Song , Richard J. Chen , Sharifa Sahai , Dandan Mo , Emilio Madrigal , Long Phi Le , Faisal Mahmood

With the increasing amounts of high-dimensional heterogeneous data to be processed, multi-modality feature selection has become an important research direction in medical image analysis. Traditional methods usually depict the data structure…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-11 Yuang Shi , Chen Zu , Mei Hong , Luping Zhou , Lei Wang , Xi Wu , Jiliu Zhou , Daoqiang Zhang , Yan Wang

Medical data collected for diagnostic decisions are typically multimodal, providing comprehensive information on a subject. While computer-aided diagnosis systems can benefit from multimodal inputs, effectively fusing such data remains a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Qiuhui Chen , Yi Hong