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This paper provides a first milestone in measuring the floorspace of buildings (that is, building footprint and height) for 40 major Chinese cities. The intent is to maximize city coverage and, eventually provide longitudinal data. Doing so…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Peter Egger , Susie Xi Rao , Sebastiano Papini

We introduce GlobalBuildingAtlas, a publicly available dataset providing global and complete coverage of building polygons, heights and Level of Detail 1 (LoD1) 3D building models. This is the first open dataset to offer high quality,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Xiao Xiang Zhu , Sining Chen , Fahong Zhang , Yilei Shi , Yuanyuan Wang

Understanding how buildings are distributed globally is crucial to revealing the human footprint on our home planet. This built environment affects local climate, land surface albedo, resource distribution, and many other key factors that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Xiao Xiang Zhu , Qingyu Li , Yilei Shi , Yuanyuan Wang , Adam Stewart , Jonathan Prexl

Buildings, as fundamental man-made structures in urban environments, serve as crucial indicators for understanding various city function zones. Rapid urbanization has raised an urgent need for efficiently surveying building footprints and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Zhuohong Li , Wei He , Jiepan Li , Hongyan Zhang

We present Urban-ImageNet, a large-scale multi-modal dataset and evaluation benchmark for urban space perception from user-generated social media imagery. The corpus contains over 2 Million public social media images and paired textual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yiwei Ou , Chung Ching Cheung , Jun Yang Ang , Xiaobin Ren , Ronggui Sun , Guansong Gao , Kaiqi Zhao , Manfredo Manfredini

Developing countries usually lack the proper governance means to generate and regularly update a national rooftop map. Using traditional photogrammetry and surveying methods to produce a building map at the federal level is costly and time…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Hasan Nasrallah , Abed Ellatif Samhat , Cristiano Nattero , Ali J. Ghandour

Urban modeling from LiDAR point clouds is an important topic in computer vision, computer graphics, photogrammetry and remote sensing. 3D city models have found a wide range of applications in smart cities, autonomous navigation, urban…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Ruisheng Wang , Shangfeng Huang , Hongxin Yang

High-resolution satellite images can provide abundant, detailed spatial information for land cover classification, which is particularly important for studying the complicated built environment. However, due to the complex land cover…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-10 Xin-Yi Tong , Gui-Song Xia , Xiao Xiang Zhu

As buildings are central to the social and environmental sustainability of human settlements, high-quality geospatial data are necessary to support their management and planning. Authorities around the world are increasingly collecting and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-07-09 Filip Biljecki , Lawrence Zheng Xiong Chew , Nikola Milojevic-Dupont , Felix Creutzig

Automated 3D city generation, focusing on road networks and building layouts, is in high demand for applications in urban design, multimedia games and autonomous driving simulations. The surge of generative AI facilitates designing city…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Tao Li , Ruihang Li , Huangnan Zheng , Shanding Ye , Shijian Li , Zhijie Pan

Building-level exposure data are critical to natural hazard risk modeling, yet most global inventories describe where buildings are located rather than what they are made of. Roof material is a critical but poorly documented attribute for…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Benjamin Tarver , Noelle Law , Sasha Getz , Yuki Miura

To meet the challenges of global urbanization, earth observation information is greatly needed. The lack of global three-dimensional (3D) urban structure data has been a major limiting factor in important urban applications such as…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-07-13 Panshi Wang , Chengquan Huang , James C. Tilton

We introduce BuildingNet: (a) a large-scale dataset of 3D building models whose exteriors are consistently labeled, (b) a graph neural network that labels building meshes by analyzing spatial and structural relations of their geometric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Pratheba Selvaraju , Mohamed Nabail , Marios Loizou , Maria Maslioukova , Melinos Averkiou , Andreas Andreou , Siddhartha Chaudhuri , Evangelos Kalogerakis

Urban Villages (UVs) represent a distinctive form of high-density informal settlement embedded within China's rapidly urbanizing cities. Accurate identification of UVs is critical for urban governance, renewal, and sustainable development.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Lubin Bai , Sheng Xiao , Ziyu Yin , Haoyu Wang , Siyang Wu , Xiuyuan Zhang , Shihong Du

Monitoring of land cover and land use is crucial in natural resources management. Automatic visual mapping can carry enormous economic value for agriculture, forestry, or public administration. Satellite or aerial images combined with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-25 Adrian Boguszewski , Dominik Batorski , Natalia Ziemba-Jankowska , Tomasz Dziedzic , Anna Zambrzycka

Rooftop 3D reconstruction using UAV-based photogrammetry offers a promising solution for infrastructure assessment, but existing methods often require high percentages of image overlap and extended flight times to ensure model accuracy when…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Nick Chodura , Melissa Greeff , Joshua Woods

While various multimodal multi-image evaluation datasets have been emerged, but these datasets are primarily based on English, and there has yet to be a Chinese multi-image dataset. To fill this gap, we introduce RealBench, the first…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Fei Zhao , Chengqiang Lu , Yufan Shen , Qimeng Wang , Yicheng Qian , Haoxin Zhang , Yan Gao , Yi Wu , Yao Hu , Zhen Wu , Shangyu Xing , Xinyu Dai

In recent years, deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) has seen a breakthrough progress in natural image recognition because of three points: universal approximation ability via DCNN, large-scale database (such as ImageNet), and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-13 Haifeng Li , Xin Dou , Chao Tao , Zhixiang Hou , Jie Chen , Jian Peng , Min Deng , Ling Zhao

Building type information is crucial for population estimation, traffic planning, urban planning, and emergency response applications. Although essential, such data is often not readily available. To alleviate this problem, this work…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Henrique F. de Arruda , Sandro M. Reia , Shiyang Ruan , Kuldip S. Atwal , Hamdi Kavak , Taylor Anderson , Dieter Pfoser

Identifying the locations and footprints of buildings is vital for many practical and scientific purposes. Such information can be particularly useful in developing regions where alternative data sources may be scarce. In this work, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Wojciech Sirko , Sergii Kashubin , Marvin Ritter , Abigail Annkah , Yasser Salah Eddine Bouchareb , Yann Dauphin , Daniel Keysers , Maxim Neumann , Moustapha Cisse , John Quinn
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