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In certain parliamentary democracies, there are two major parties that move in and out of power every few elections, and a third minority party that essentially never governs. We present a simple model to account for this phenomenon, in…
For a given finitely generated multiplicative subgroup of the rationals which possibly contain negative numbers, we derive, subject to GRH, formulas for the densities of primes for which the index of the reduction group has a given value.…
The Council of the European Union (EU) is one of the main decision-making bodies of the EU. A number of decisions require a qualified majority, the support of 55% of the member states (currently 15) that represent at least 65% of the total…
The field of compressed sensing has shown that a sparse but otherwise arbitrary vector can be recovered exactly from a small number of randomly constructed linear projections (or samples). The question addressed in this paper is whether an…
We estimate the asymptotic density of the set $\bar{A}$ of primes $p$ satisfying the constraint that $p+1$ and $p-1$ have only one prime divisor larger than $3$. We also estimate the density of a maximal subset $\bar{B} \subset \bar{A}$…
Generating realistic artificial preference distributions is an important part of any simulation analysis of electoral systems. While this has been discussed in some detail in the context of a single electoral district, many electoral…
A long-standing conjecture of Podewski states that every minimal field is algebraically closed. It was proved by Wagner for fields of positive characteristic, but it remains wide open in the zero-characteristic case. We reduce Podewski's…
Necessary and sufficient conditions of uniform consistency are explored. A hypothesis is simple. Nonparametric sets of alternatives are bounded convex sets in $\mathbb{L}_p$, $p >1$ with "small" balls deleted. The "small" balls have the…
The puzzling idea that the combination of independent estimates of the magnitude of a quantity results in a very accurate prediction, which is superior to any or, at least, to most of the individual estimates is known as the wisdom of…
Let $\Lambda$ be a uniformly discrete set and $S$ be a compact set in $R$. We prove that if there exists a bounded sequence of functions in Paley--Wiener space $PW_S$, which approximates $\delta-$functions on $\Lambda$ with $l^2-$error $d$,…
Let A be finite set equipped with a probability distribution P, and let M be a "mass" function on A. A characterization is given for the most efficient way in which A^n can be covered using spheres of a fixed radius. A covering is a subset…
Let $(Z_k)_{k\geq 1}$ be a sequence of independent and identically distributed complex random variables with common distribution $\mu$ and let $P_n(X):=\prod_{k=1}^n (X-Z_k)$ the associated random polynomial in $\mathbb C[X]$. In [Kab15],…
We study a certain class of piecewise monotonic maps of interval. These maps are strictly monotone on finite interval partition, satisfies Markov condition and have generator property. We show that for a function from this class…
Let $(F_n)$ be the sequence of Fibonacci numbers and, for each positive integer $k$, let $\mathcal{P}_k$ be the set of primes $p$ such that $\gcd(p - 1, F_{p - 1}) = k$. We prove that the relative density $\text{r}(\mathcal{P}_k)$ of…
We consider the problem of estimating the missing mass, partition function or evidence and its probability distribution in the case that for each sample point in the discrete sample space its (unnormalized) probability mass is revealed.…
We show that for all $\psi$-mixing shifts distributions of the numbers of multiple recurrencies to shrinking cylindrical neighborhoods of all points are close either to Poisson or to compound Poisson distributions. We also describe…
Construction of tight confidence regions and intervals is central to statistical inference and decision making. This paper develops new theory showing minimum average volume confidence regions for categorical data. More precisely, consider…
We study the voter model with a finite density of zealots--voters than never change opinion. For equal numbers of zealots of each species, the distribution of magnetization (opinions) is Gaussian in the mean-field limit as well as in one…
The Condorcet Jury Theorem or the Miracle of Aggregation are frequently invoked to ensure the competence of some aggregate decision-making processes. In this article we explore an estimation of the prior probability of the thesis predicted…
We prove the unexpected result that almost uniform sampling of independent sets in graphs is possible via a probabilistic polynomial time algorithm. Note that our sampling algorithm (if correct) has extremely surprising consequences; the…