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In Mott insulators, the strong electron-electron Coulomb repulsion prevents metallicity and charge excitations are gapped. In dimensions greater than one, their spins are usually ordered antiferromagnetically at low temperatures.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2012-10-02 D. Watanabe , M. Yamashita , S. Tonegawa , Y. Oshima , H. M. Yamamoto , R. Kato , I. Sheikin , K. Behnia , T. Terashima , S. Uji , T. Shibauchi , Y. Matsuda

The Kitaev model is a rare example of an analytically solvable and physically instantiable Hamiltonian yielding a topological quantum spin liquid ground state. Here we report signatures of Kitaev spin liquid physics in the honeycomb magnet…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-01-04 Hector K. Vivanco , Benjamin A. Trump , Craig M. Brown , Tyrel M. McQueen

Thermal signatures of fractionalized excitations are a fingerprint of quantum spin liquids (QSLs). In the $J_{eff}=1/2$ honeycomb magnet $\alpha$-RuCl$_3$, a QSL state emerges upon applying an in-plane magnetic field $H_{||}$ greater than…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-06-01 J. A. N. Bruin , R. R. Claus , Y. Matsumoto , N. Kurita , H. Tanaka , H. Takagi

We study the energy-density dynamics at finite momentum of the two-dimensional Kitaev spin-model on the honeycomb lattice. Due to fractionalization of magnetic moments, the energy relaxation occurs through mobile Majorana matter, coupled to…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-09-29 Alexandros Metavitsiadis , Wolfram Brenig

We develop a quantum simulation-based approach for studying properties of strongly correlated magnetic materials at increasing scale. We consider a paradigmatic example of a quantum spin liquid (QSL) state hosted by the honeycomb Kitaev…

The Kitaev model on a honeycomb lattice predicts a paradigmatic quantum spin liquid (QSL) exhibiting Majorana Fermion excitations. The insight that Kitaev physics might be realized in practice has stimulated investigations of candidate…

The excitations in the Kitaev spin liquid (KSL) can be described by Majorana fermions, which have characteristic field dependence of bulk gap and topological edge modes. In the high-field state of layered honeycomb magnet $\alpha$-RuCl$_3$,…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-03-13 K. Imamura , Y. Mizukami , O. Tanaka , R. Grasset , M. Konczykowski , N. Kurita , H. Tanaka , Y. Matsuda , M. G. Yamada , K. Hashimoto , T. Shibauchi

The honeycomb Kitaev model in a magnetic field is a source of a topological quantum spin liquid with Majorana fermions and gauge flux excitations as fractional quasiparticles. We present experimental results for the thermal Hall effect of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-03-06 Richard Hentrich , Maria Roslova , Anna Isaeva , Thomas Doert , Wolfram Brenig , Bernd Büchner , Christian Hess

We present numerical evidence for the presence of a finite-temperature ($T$) phase transition separating paramagnet and quantum spin liquid in a three-dimensional variant of the Kitaev model defined on a hyperhoneycomb lattice in the limit…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-06-17 J. Nasu , T. Kaji , K. Matsuura , M. Udagawa , Y. Motome

The quest for Kitaev spin liquids in particular three dimensional solids is long sought goal in condensed matter physics, as these states may give rise to exotic new types of quasi-particle excitations carrying fractional quantum numbers…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-01-22 Birender Singh , M. Vogl , S. Wurmehl , S. Aswartham , B. Büchner , Pradeep Kumar

Quantum spin liquids (QSLs) represent exotic states of matter where quantum spins interact strongly yet evade long-range magnetic order down to absolute zero. Characterized by non-local quantum entanglement and resultant fractionalized…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-12-05 Yuji Matsuda , Takasada Shibauchi , Hae-Young Kee

The Kitaev quantum spin liquid (KSL) is a theoretically predicted state of matter whose fractionalized quasiparticles are distinct from bosonic magnons, the fundamental excitation in ordered magnets. The layered honeycomb antiferromagnet…

In conventional insulating magnets, heat is carried by magnons and phonons. In contrast, when the magnets harbor a quantum spin liquid state, emergent quasiparticles from the fractionalization of quantum spins can carry heat. Here, we…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-09-26 Joji Nasu , Junki Yoshitake , Yukitoshi Motome

The presence of a quantum critical point (QCP) can significantly affect the thermodynamic properties of a material at finite temperatures T. This is reflected, e.g., in the entropy landscape S(T, r) in the vicinity of a QCP, yielding…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-05-20 B. Wolf , Y. Tsui , D. Jaiswal-Nagar , U. Tutsch , A. Honecker , K. Removic-Langer , G. Hofmann , A. Prokofiev , W. Assmus , G. Donath , M. Lang

Quantum spin liquids (QSL) are phases of matter which are distinguished not by the symmetries they break, but rather by the patterns of entanglement within them. Although these entanglement properties have been widely discussed for ground…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-02-10 Snigdh Sabharwal , Matthias Gohlke , Paul Skrzypczyk , Nic Shannon

With the advancement in synthesizing and analyzing Kitaev materials, the Kitaev-Heisenberg model on the honeycomb lattice has attracted a lot of attention in the last few years. Several variations, which include additional anisotropic…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-08-15 Darshan G. Joshi

Kitaev-type interactions between neighbouring magnetic moments emerge in the honeycomb material ${\alpha}$-RuCl3. It is debated however whether these Kitaev interactions are ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic. With electron energy loss…

We investigate a bilayer Kitaev model, where two honeycomb layers are coupled by the Heisenberg interactions, to discuss effects of an interlayer coupling against the Kitaev quantum spin liquids (QSLs). In this model, there exists a local…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-03-06 Hiroyuki Tomishige , Joji Nasu , Akihisa Koga

The realization of quantum spin liquids (QSLs) in Kitaev magnets represents an intriguing topic in frustrated quantum magnetism. Despite prediction in the pure Kitaev honeycomb model, realization of QSLs in realistic systems and materials…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-09-11 Han Li , Xu-Guang Zhou , Gang Su , Wei Li

Anderson proposed structural topology in frustrated magnets hosting novel quantum spin liquids (QSLs). The QSL state is indeed exactly derived by fractionalizing the spin excitation into spinless Majorana fermions in a perfect two…