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In this paper, we address the problem of stability and frequency regulation of a recently proposed inverter. In this type of inverter, the DC-side capacitor emulates the inertia of a synchronous generator. First, we remodel the dynamics…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-10-17 Pooya Monshizadeh , Claudio De Persis , Tjerk Stegink , Nima Monshizadeh , Arjan van der Schaft

A new method for the stability assessment of inverter-based microgrids is presented in this paper. Directly determining stability boundaries by searching the multidimensional space of inverters' droop gains is a computationally prohibitive…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-02 Andrey Gorbunov , Jimmy Chih-Hsien Peng , Janusz W. Bialek , Petr Vorobev

The electrical grid is evolving from a network consisting of mostly synchronous machines to a mixture of synchronous machines and inverter-based resources such as wind, solar, and energy storage. This transformation has led to a decrease in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-29 Atinuke Ademola-Idowu , Baosen Zhang

As the proportion of converter-interfaced renewable energy resources in the power system is increasing, the strength of the power grid at the connection point of wind turbine generators (WTGs) is gradually weakening. Existing research has…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-13 Mohammad Kazem Bakhshizadeh , Sujay Ghosh , Guangya Yang , Łukasz Kocewiak

This paper addresses frequency regulation under operational constraints in interconnected power systems with high penetration of inverter-based renewable generation. A two-layer control architecture is proposed that combines optimized droop…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-24 Jose A. Solano-Castellanos , Hassan Haes Alhelou , Ali T. Al- Awami , Mohannad Alkhraijah , Anuradha M. Annaswamy

This study proposes a control strategy to ensure the safe operation of modern power systems with high penetration of inverter-based resources (IBRs) within an optimal operation framework. The objective is to obtain operating points that…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-26 Francesca Rossi , Juan Carlos Olives-Camps , Eduardo Prieto-Araujo , Oriol Gomis-Bellmunt

The energy transition is causing many stability-related challenges for power systems. Transient stability refers to the ability of a power grid's bus angles to retain synchronism after the occurrence of a major fault. In this paper a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-01-12 Tim Aschenbruck , Willem Esterhuizen , Stefan Streif

DC microgrids are becoming popular as effective means to integrate various renewable energy resources. Constant power loads (CPLs) may yield instability due to the negative impedance characteristic. This paper analyzes the stability of the…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-04-24 Zhangjie Liu , Mei Su , Yao Sun , Hua Han , Xiaochao Hou , Josep M. Guerrero

The fundamental mechanism of transient stability of the conventional power system can be physically understood with the rotor swing dynamics of synchronous generators (SGs). The basic factor affecting the transient stability is the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-27 Xiuqiang He , Hua Geng

The increasing penetration of renewable energy leads to a continuous reduction in system inertia, for which conventional synchronization criteria based solely on frequency consistency can no longer accurately capture the coupled dynamics of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-24 Yusen Wei , Lan Tang , Peidong Li

Inverter-based resources (IBRs) are becoming increasingly prevalent in power systems. Due to the inherently low inertia of inverters, there is a heightened risk of disruptive voltage oscillations. A particular challenge in the operation of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-21 Zixiao Ma , Baosen Zhang

Grid-connected inverters are required to operate stably under a wide range of grid conditions. However, conventional grid-following (GFL) control may suffer from instability under weak-grid conditions, while grid-forming (GFM) control may…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-07 Zirui Wang , Yitong Li , Quanchi Wu , Jinjun Liu

The integration of renewable energy sources in the course of the energy transition is accompanied by grid decentralization and fluctuating power feed-in characteristics. This raises new challenges for power system stability and design. We…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2015-06-16 Katrin Schmietendorf , Joachim Peinke , Rudolf Friedrich , Oliver Kamps

The frequency droop response of conventional turbine driven synchronous generators with respect to load increases is normally used in order to have stable operating characteristics for multiple generators operating in parallel over large…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2013-09-11 Kirsch N. Mackey , Roy A. McCann

The increasing penetration of converter-based renewable generation has resulted in faster frequency dynamics, and low and variable inertia. As a result, there is a need for frequency control methods that are able to stabilize a disturbance…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-13 Jie Feng , Manasa Muralidharan , Rodrigo Henriquez-Auba , Patricia Hidalgo-Gonzalez , Yuanyuan Shi

Ensuring the frequency stability of electric grids with increasing renewable resources is a key problem in power system operations. In recent years, a number of advanced controllers have been designed to optimize frequency control. These…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-23 Wenqi Cui , Guanya Shi , Yuanyuan Shi , Baosen Zhang

We consider the problem of computing equilibria (steady-states) for droop-controlled, islanded, AC microgrids that are both economic-optimal and dynamically stable. This work is motivated by the observation that classical optimal power flow…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-02-25 Sungho Shin , Victor M. Zavala

The stability of AC power grids relies on ancillary services that mitigate frequency fluctuations. The electromechanical inertia of large synchronous generators is currently the only resource to absorb frequency disturbances on sub-second…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-21 Julian Fritzsch , Philippe Jacquod

The significant electrical distance between wind power collection points and the main grid poses challenges for weak grid-connected wind power systems. A new type of voltage oscillation phenomenon induced by repeated low voltage…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-09 Qiping Lai , Chen Shen , Dongsheng Li

The frequency stability of a power system is of paramount importance, as a fast frequency swings in the system can lead to oscillatory instability, and thereby blackouts. A grid-connected microgrid, that can operate in the islanded mode can…