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Memristors are emerging as key electronic components that retain resistance states without power. Their non-volatile nature and ability to mimic synaptic behavior make them ideal for next-generation memory technologies and neuromorphic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-10-28 Tongxin Chen , Yinyu Nie , Yafei Hao , Shengchun Shen , Jiajun Pan , Xiaoguang Li , Yuan Lu

In this study, we numerically evaluate the learning performance of a vortex spin-torque oscillator with a modified free layer, called a modified VSTO (m-VSTO), in which an additional layer (AL) of smaller radius is stacked on the free…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Kota Horizumi , Takahiro Chiba , Takashi Komine

For energy efficient and fast magnetic memories, switching of perpendicular magnetization by the spin-orbit torque (SOT) appears as a very promising solution, even more using magnetic insulators that suppress electrical shunting. This SOT…

We formulate an energy-storage concept based on the free energy associated with metastable magnetic configurations. Despite the active, magnetic region of the battery being electrically insulating, it can sustain effective hydrodynamics of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-10-24 Yaroslav Tserkovnyak , Jiang Xiao

Current-induced spin-transfer torques (STT) and spin-orbit torques (SOT) enable the electrical switching of magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) in nonvolatile magnetic random access memories. In order to develop faster memory devices, an…

Orbital torque (OT) offers a highly efficient way for electrical magnetization manipulation. However, its potential in the emerging field of flexible spintronics remains largely unexplored. Here, we demonstrate a flexible and robust OT…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-08-27 Liguang Gong , Jian Song , Bin Lao , Run-Wei Li , Zhiming Wang

In this paper, we discuss spin transport in topological insulator (TI) and diluted magnetic semiconductor (DMS) heterogeneous structures. In DMS / FM (Ferromagnetic Metal) heterogeneous structure, the spin injection efficiency changes…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-11-30 Myong Chol Pak , Kwang-Il Kim , Hak Chol Pak , Chol Won Ri , Sang Jun Cha

Manipulating spin-orbit coupling (SOC) is important for devices such as spin-orbit torque based memory and its understanding is neccessary to answer several fundamental open questions in triplet state superconductivity, topological…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-09-13 Kalon Gopinadhan , A. Annadi , Younghyun Kim , Amar Srivastava , Brijesh Kumar , Jingsheng Chen , J. M. D. Coey , Ariando , T. Venkatesan

Heterostructures utilizing topological insulators exhibit a remarkable spin-torque efficiency. However, the exact origin of the strong torque, in particular whether it stems from the spin-momentum locking of the topological surface states…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-03-16 Mark H Fischer , Abolhassan Vaezi , Aurelien Manchon , Eun-Ah Kim

The authors show that the magnetization of a magnetostrictive/piezoelectric multiferroic single-domain shape-anisotropic nanomagnet can be switched with very small voltages that generate strain in the magnetostrictive layer. This can be the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 Kuntal Roy , Supriyo Bandyopadhyay , Jayasimha Atulasimha

Spintronics-based nonvolatile components in neuromorphic circuits offer the possibility of realizing novel functionalities at low power. Current-controlled electrical switching of magnetization is actively researched in this context.…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-01-10 A. S. Goossens , M. A. T. Leiviskä , T. Banerjee

The manipulation of magnetic properties using either electrical currents or gate bias is the key of future high-impact nanospintronics applications such as spin-valve read heads, non-volatile logic, and random-access memories. The current…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-08-25 R. C. Sahoo , Dinh Loc Duong , Jungbum Yoon , Pham Nam Hai , Young Hee Lee

We present a novel memory device that consists of a thin ferromagnetic layer of Fe deposited on topological insulator thin film, Bi2Se3. The ferromagnetic layer has perpendicular anisotropy, due to MgO deposited on the top surface of Fe.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-02-18 Bahniman Ghosh , Rik Dey , Leonard F. Register , Sanjay K. Banerjee

Topological insulator nanoribbons (TI NRs) provide a useful platform to explore the phase-coherent quantum electronic transport of topological surface states, which is crucial for the development of topological quantum devices. When applied…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-11-17 Tae-Ha Hwang , Hong-Seok Kim , Yasen Hou , Dong Yu , Yong-Joo Doh

Over the past decade, topological insulators have received enormous attention for their potential in energy-efficient spin-to-charge conversion, enabled by strong spin-orbit coupling and spin-momentum locked surface states. Despite…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-02-28 Wenxuan Sun , Yequan Chen , Ruijie Xu , Wenzhuo Zhuang , Di Wang , Long Liu , Anke Song , Guozhong Xing , Yongbing Xu , Rong Zhang , Cui-Zu Chang , Xuefeng Wang

Spin-orbit torques (SOTs), which rely on spin current generation from charge current in a nonmagnetic material, promise an energy-efficient scheme for manipulating magnetization in magnetic devices. A critical topic for spintronic devices…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-09-28 Yuting Liu , Qiming Shao

The combination of magnetism and topology in magnetic topological insulators (MTIs) has led to unprecedented advancements of time reversal symmetry-breaking topological quantum physics in the past decade. Compared with the uniform films,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-02-26 Qi Yao , Yuchen Ji , Peng Chen , Qing-Lin He , Xufeng Kou

A single magnetic atom on a surface epitomizes the scaling limit for magnetic information storage. Indeed, recent work has shown that individual atomic spins can exhibit magnetic remanence and be read out with spin-based methods,…

Non-volatile magnetic storage, from 1940s magnetic core to present day racetrack memory and magnetic anisotropy switching devices rely on the metastability of magnetic domains to store information. However, the inherent inefficiency of…

Compute-in-memory (CiM) is a promising approach to improving the computing speed and energy efficiency in dataintensive applications. Beyond existing CiM techniques of bitwise logic-in-memory operations and dot product operations, this…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Yiming Chen , Yushen Fu , Mingyen Lee , Sumitha George , Yongpan Liu , Vijaykrishnan Narayanan , Huazhong Yang , Xueqing Li