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Deep neural networks are vulnerable to backdoor attacks (Trojans), where an attacker poisons the training set with backdoor triggers so that the neural network learns to classify test-time triggers to the attacker's designated target class.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Hang Wang , Zhen Xiang , David J. Miller , George Kesidis

Deep learning (DL) has been widely studied for assisting applications of modern wireless communications. One of the applications is automatic modulation classification (AMC). However, DL models are found to be vulnerable to adversarial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Younes Salmi , Hanna Bogucka

Reinforcement learning (RL) enables agents to learn optimal behaviors through interaction with their environment and has been increasingly deployed in safety-critical applications, including autonomous driving. Despite its promise, RL is…

Adversarial examples are firstly investigated in the area of computer vision: by adding some carefully designed ''noise'' to the original input image, the perturbed image that cannot be distinguished from the original one by human, can fool…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Pengyue Wang , Yan Li , Shashi Shekhar , William F. Northrop

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to backdoor attack, which does not affect the network's performance on clean data but would manipulate the network behavior once a trigger pattern is added. Existing defense methods have greatly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Min Liu , Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli , Xiangyu Yue

Recent researches show that deep learning model is susceptible to backdoor attacks. Many defenses against backdoor attacks have been proposed. However, existing defense works require high computational overhead or backdoor attack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Mingfu Xue , Yinghao Wu , Zhiyu Wu , Yushu Zhang , Jian Wang , Weiqiang Liu

Machine learning systems are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where attackers manipulate model behavior through data tampering or architectural modifications. Traditional backdoor attacks involve injecting malicious samples with specific…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Yuan Ma , Jiankang Wei , Yilun Lyu , Kehao Chen , Jingtong Huang

The increasing importance of both deep neural networks (DNNs) and cloud services for training them means that bad actors have more incentive and opportunity to insert backdoors to alter the behavior of trained models. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Khondoker Murad Hossain , Tim Oates

The dangers of adversarial attacks on Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle (UAV) agents operating in public are increasing. Adopting AI-based techniques and, more specifically, Deep Learning (DL) approaches to control and guide these UAVs can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Thomas Hickling , Nabil Aouf , Phillippa Spencer

In recent years, Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has become a popular paradigm in machine learning due to its successful applications to real-world and complex systems. However, even the state-of-the-art DRL models have been shown to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Davide Corsi , Guy Amir , Guy Katz , Alessandro Farinelli

Adversarial attacks and robustness in Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) have been widely studied in various threat models; however, few consider environmental state perturbations, which are natural in embodied scenarios. To improve the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Chenxu Wang , Huaping Liu

We study a security threat to reinforcement learning where an attacker poisons the learning environment to force the agent into executing a target policy chosen by the attacker. As a victim, we consider RL agents whose objective is to find…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Amin Rakhsha , Goran Radanovic , Rati Devidze , Xiaojin Zhu , Adish Singla

Deep Neural Networks are well known to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks and backdoor attacks, where minor modifications on the input are able to mislead the models to give wrong results. Although defenses against adversarial attacks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-01 Kaidi Jin , Tianwei Zhang , Chao Shen , Yufei Chen , Ming Fan , Chenhao Lin , Ting Liu

Deep reinforcement learning agents have recently been successful across a variety of discrete and continuous control tasks; however, they can be slow to train and require a large number of interactions with the environment to learn a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-19 Thomas Carr , Maria Chli , George Vogiatzis

A backdoor attack allows a malicious user to manipulate the environment or corrupt the training data, thus inserting a backdoor into the trained agent. Such attacks compromise the RL system's reliability, leading to potentially catastrophic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Hao Chen , Chen Gong , Yizhe Wang , Xinwen Hou

Development of autonomous cyber system defense strategies and action recommendations in the real-world is challenging, and includes characterizing system state uncertainties and attack-defense dynamics. We propose a data-driven deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Ashutosh Dutta , Samrat Chatterjee , Arnab Bhattacharya , Mahantesh Halappanavar

Deep neural networks face persistent challenges in defending against backdoor attacks, leading to an ongoing battle between attacks and defenses. While existing backdoor defense strategies have shown promising performance on reducing attack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Mingli Zhu , Siyuan Liang , Baoyuan Wu

Modern NLP models are often trained on public datasets drawn from diverse sources, rendering them vulnerable to data poisoning attacks. These attacks can manipulate the model's behavior in ways engineered by the attacker. One such tactic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Xuanli He , Qiongkai Xu , Jun Wang , Benjamin I. P. Rubinstein , Trevor Cohn

Backdoor attacks (BAs) are an emerging threat to deep neural network classifiers. A victim classifier will predict to an attacker-desired target class whenever a test sample is embedded with the same backdoor pattern (BP) that was used to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Zhen Xiang , David J. Miller , George Kesidis

Recent studies have shown that deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where a designed trigger is injected into the dataset, causing erroneous predictions when activated. In this paper, we propose a novel defense…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Wenjie Huo , Katinka Wolter
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