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Analog circuit design is a time-consuming, experience-driven task in chip development. Despite advances in AI, developing universal, fast, and stable gate sizing methods for analog circuits remains a significant challenge. Recent approaches…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Xinyue Wu , Fan Hu , Shaik Jani Babu , Yi Zhao , Xinfei Guo

In recent years, analog circuits have received extensive attention and are widely used in many emerging applications. The high demand for analog circuits necessitates shorter circuit design cycles. To achieve the desired performance and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Qi Xu , Lijie Wang , Jing Wang , Lin Cheng , Song Chen , Yi Kang

The attention mechanism is a key computing kernel of Transformers, calculating pairwise correlations across the entire input sequence. The computing complexity and frequent memory access in computing self-attention put a huge burden on the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Ashkan Moradifirouzabadi , Divya Sri Dodla , Mingu Kang

As modern HPC computing platforms become increasingly heterogeneous, it is challenging for programmers to fully leverage the computation power of massive parallelism offered by such heterogeneity. Consequently, task-based runtime systems…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Yiqing Wang , Xiaoyan Liu , Hailong Yang , Xinyu Yang , Pengbo Wang , Yi Liu , Zhongzhi Luan , Depei Qian

As Vision Transformers (ViTs) are increasingly adopted in sensitive vision applications, there is a growing demand for improved interpretability. This has led to efforts to forward-align these models with carefully annotated abstract,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Sanchit Sinha , Guangzhi Xiong , Aidong Zhang

The exponential growth of artificial intelligence (AI) applications has exposed the inefficiency of conventional von Neumann architectures, where frequent data transfers between compute units and memory create significant energy and latency…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-18 James Read , Ming-Yen Lee , Wei-Hsing Huang , Yuan-Chun Luo , Anni Lu , Shimeng Yu

Analog in-memory computing is an emerging paradigm designed to efficiently accelerate deep neural network workloads. Recent advancements have focused on either inference or training acceleration. However, a unified analog in-memory…

Deep learning kernels exhibit predictable memory accesses and compute patterns, making GPUs' parallel architecture well-suited for their execution. Software and runtime systems for GPUs are optimized to better utilize the stream…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Seonho Lee , Amar Phanishayee , Divya Mahajan

Evaluating DAG task schedulers for wireless edge computing requires jointly modeling compute placement and wireless interference, yet existing tools treat them in isolation. This gap leads to rank inversions: the scheduler that appears…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Bhaskar Krishnamachari , Maya Gutierrez , Jared Coleman

Domain specialization under energy constraints in deeply-scaled CMOS has been driving the need for agile development of Systems on a Chip (SoCs). While digital subsystems have design flows that are conducive to rapid iterations from…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-22 Keertana Settaluri , Ameer Haj-Ali , Qijing Huang , Kourosh Hakhamaneshi , Borivoje Nikolic

Processing-in-memory (PIM) architectures have demonstrated great potential in accelerating numerous deep learning tasks. Particularly, resistive random-access memory (RRAM) devices provide a promising hardware substrate to build PIM…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Weidong Cao , Yilong Zhao , Adith Boloor , Yinhe Han , Xuan Zhang , Li Jiang

The substantial memory bandwidth and computational demands of large language models (LLMs) present critical challenges for efficient inference. To tackle this, the literature has explored heterogeneous systems that combine neural processing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Yuzong Chen , Chao Fang , Xilai Dai , Yuheng Wu , Thierry Tambe , Marian Verhelst , Mohamed S. Abdelfattah

Investigating the temporal behavior of digital circuits is a crucial step in system design, usually done via analog or digital simulation. Analog simulators like SPICE iteratively solve the differential equations characterizing the circuits…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Josef Salzmann , Ulrich Schmid

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are bio-plausible models that hold great potential for realizing energy-efficient implementations of sequential tasks on resource-constrained edge devices. However, commercial edge platforms based on standard…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Marco Paul E. Apolinario , Adarsh Kumar Kosta , Utkarsh Saxena , Kaushik Roy

Specialized accelerators have recently garnered attention as a method to reduce the power consumption of neural network inference. A promising category of accelerators utilizes nonvolatile memory arrays to both store weights and perform…

As Large Language Models (LLMs) scale to longer context windows, the computational cost of attention mechanisms, which traditionally grows quadratically with input length, presents a critical challenge for real-time and memory-constrained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 James Vo

Transformer networks, driven by self-attention, are central to Large Language Models. In generative Transformers, self-attention uses cache memory to store token projections, avoiding recomputation at each time step. However, GPU-stored…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Nathan Leroux , Paul-Philipp Manea , Chirag Sudarshan , Jan Finkbeiner , Sebastian Siegel , John Paul Strachan , Emre Neftci

There have been many attempts to implement neural networks in the analog circuit. Most of them had a lot of input terms, and most studies implemented neural networks in the analog circuit through a circuit simulation program called Spice to…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Minjae Kim

The attention module in vision transformers(ViTs) performs intricate spatial correlations, contributing significantly to accuracy and delay. It is thereby important to modulate the number of attentions according to the input feature…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Abhishek Moitra , Abhiroop Bhattacharjee , Priyadarshini Panda

Transformer-based models, such as BERT and ViT, have achieved state-of-the-art results across different natural language processing (NLP) and computer vision (CV) tasks. However, these models are extremely memory intensive during their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Arash Ardakani , Altan Haan , Shangyin Tan , Doru Thom Popovici , Alvin Cheung , Costin Iancu , Koushik Sen