Related papers: Zero product and zero Jordan product determined Mu…

We show that, for $n \ge 3$, the mapping on $M_n(\mathbb{C})$ which sends a matrix to its diagonalizable part in its Jordan-Chevalley decomposition, is {\bf norm-unbounded} on any neighbourhood of the zero matrix. Let $X$ be a Stonean…

It is well known that the ring radical theory can be approached via language of modules. In this work, we present some generalizations of classical results from module theory, in the two-sided and graded sense. Let $\mathsf{G}$ be a group,…

Let $N_{1,B}(n)$ denote the number of ones in the $B$-ary expansion of an integer $n$. Woods introduced the infinite product $P :=\prod_{n \geq 0} (\frac{2n+1}{2n+2})^{(-1)^{N_{1,2}(n)}}$ and Robbins proved that $P = 1/\sqrt{2}$. Related…

In this paper we consider the probability that two elements of a finite ring have product zero. We find bounds of this probability of a finite commutative ring with identity 1. The explicit computations for the ring $\mathbf{Z}_n$, the ring…

A basic problem for any class of nonassociative algebras is to determine the polynomial identities satisfied by the symmetrization and the skew-symmetrization of the original product. We consider the symmetrization of the product in the…

Given a definite nonnegative matrix $A \in M_n (C)$, we study the minimal index of A: $I(A) = \max \{\lambda \ge 0 : A\circ B \ge \lambda B$ for all $0\le B\}$, where $A\circ B$ denotes the Hadamard product $(A\circ B)_{ij} = A_{ij}…

In this note, we first work out some `bare hands' computations of the most elementary possible free products involving $\mathbb{C}^2 ~(=\mathbb{C} \oplus \mathbb{C} $) and $M_2 ~(= M_2(\mathbb{C}))$. Using these, we identify all free…

For a bivariate $P(x,y) \in \mathbb{R}[x,y]\setminus (\mathbb{R}[x] \cup \mathbb{R}[y])$, our first result shows that for all finite $A \subseteq \mathbb{R}$, $|P(A,A)|\geq \alpha|A|^{5/4}$ with $\alpha =\alpha(\mathrm{deg} P) \in…

We prove that if $\mathbb{F}$ is a field of positive odd characteristic $p,$ and $m,$ and $n$ are positive integers such that $m\geq2,$ and $n\leq p,$ every $n\times n$ nonderogatory matrix $A\in \mathbb{M}_n(\mathbb{F})$ which is sum of…

The category of $C^*$-algebras is blessed with many different tensor products. In contrast, virtually the only tensor product ever used in the category of von Neumann algebras is the normal spatial tensor product. We propose a definition of…

Let $K$ be a field (finite or infinite) of char$(K)\neq 2$ and let $UT_n=UT_n(K)$ be the $n\times n$ upper triangular matrix algebra over $K$. If $\cdot $ is the usual product on $UT_n$ then with the new product $a\circ b=(1/2)(a\cdot b…

Let $\mathcal M$ be a separable factor. An operator $T$ in $\mathcal{M}$ is said to be irreducible in $\mathcal{M}$ if the von Neumann algebra $W^*(T)$ generated by $T$ is an irreducible subfactor of $\mathcal{M}$, i.e.,…

We prove two results. (1) There is an absolute constant $D$ such that for any finite quasisimple group $S$, given 2D arbitrary automorphisms of $S$, every element of $S$ is equal to a product of $D$ `twisted commutators' defined by the…

In this note, we are working within the category $\rmod$ of (unitary, left) $R$-modules, where $R$ is a {\bf countable} ring. It is well known (see e.g. Kie{\l}pi\'nski & Simson [5], Theorem 2.2) that the latter condition implies that the…

Let $f=f(x_1,\dots,x_m)$ be a multilinear polynomial over a field $F$. An $F$-algebra $A$ is said to be $f$-zpd ($f$-zero product determined) if every $m$-linear functional $\varphi\colon A^{m}\rightarrow F$ which preserves zeros of $f$ is…

We characterise all Jordan triple product homomorphisms, that is, mappings $\Phi$ satisfying $$ \Phi(ABA) = \Phi(A)\Phi(B)\Phi(A) $$ from the set of all Hermitian $n \times n$ complex matrices to the field of complex numbers. Further we…

Properties of higher characters are developed and applied to symmetric products and Frobenius algebras. A `constructive' proof of the Gel'fand-Kolmogorov theorem is given. Generalisations of that theorem and the Nullstellensatz to symmetric…

We study some sum-product problems over matrix rings. Firstly, for $A, B, C\subseteq M_n(\mathbb{F}_q)$, we have $$ |A+BC|\gtrsim q^{n^2}, $$ whenever $|A||B||C|\gtrsim q^{3n^2-\frac{n+1}{2}}$. Secondly, if a set $A$ in $M_n(\mathbb{F}_q)$…

Let $\mathcal{G}=[A & M N & B]$ be a generalized matrix algebra defined by the Morita context $(A, B,_AM_B,_BN_A, \Phi_{MN}, \Psi_{NM})$. In this article we mainly study the question of whether there exist proper Jordan derivations for the…

Let $G$ be a finite group and $D_{2n}$ be the dihedral group of $2n$ elements. For a positive integer $d$, let $\mathsf{s}_{d\mathbb{N}}(G)$ denote the smallest integer $\ell\in \mathbb{N}_0\cup \{+\infty\}$ such that every sequence $S$…