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Gastrointestinal (GI) imaging via Wireless Capsule Endoscopy (WCE) generates a large number of images requiring manual screening. Deep learning-based Clinical Decision Support (CDS) systems can assist screening, yet their performance relies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Dimitrios E. Diamantis , Dimitris K. Iakovidis

Large amounts of digitized histopathological data display a promising future for developing pathological foundation models via self-supervised learning methods. Foundation models pretrained with these methods serve as a good basis for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Shengyi Hua , Fang Yan , Tianle Shen , Lei Ma , Xiaofan Zhang

Multimodal generative AI systems like Stable Diffusion, DALL-E, and MidJourney have fundamentally changed how synthetic images are created. These tools drive innovation but also enable the spread of misleading content, false information,…

Understanding the way cells communicate, co-locate, and interrelate is essential to understanding human physiology. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining is ubiquitously available both for clinical studies and research. The Colon Nucleus…

Computational pathology has made significant progress in recent years, fueling advances in both fundamental disease understanding and clinically ready tools. This evolution is driven by the availability of large amounts of digitized slides…

The proliferation of generative models, such as Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), Diffusion Models, and Variational Autoencoders (VAEs), has enabled the synthesis of high-quality multimedia data. However, these advancements have also…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Arpan Mahara , Naphtali Rishe

Generative AI (GenAI) is rapidly advancing the field of Autonomous Driving (AD), extending beyond traditional applications in text, image, and video generation. We explore how generative models can enhance automotive tasks, such as static…

The presence and density of specific types of immune cells are important to understand a patient's immune response to cancer. However, immunofluorescence staining required to identify T cell subtypes is expensive, time-consuming, and rarely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Georg Wölflein , In Hwa Um , David J Harrison , Ognjen Arandjelović

Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining highlights the molecular information critical to diagnostics in tissue samples. However, compared to H&E staining, IHC staining can be much more expensive in terms of both labor and the laboratory…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Fangda Li , Zhiqiang Hu , Wen Chen , Avinash Kak

The widespread adoption of electronic health records and digital healthcare data has created a demand for data-driven insights to enhance patient outcomes, diagnostics, and treatments. However, using real patient data presents privacy and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Aryan Jadon , Shashank Kumar

High-fidelity registration of histopathological whole slide images (WSIs), such as hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemistry (IHC), is vital for integrated molecular analysis but challenging to evaluate without ground-truth (GT)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Shikha Dubey , Patricia Raciti , Kristopher Standish , Albert Juan Ramon , Erik Ames Burlingame

Healthcare research and development face significant obstacles due to data scarcity and stringent privacy regulations, such as HIPAA and the GDPR, restricting access to essential real-world medical data. These limitations impede innovation,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Md Ibrahim Shikder Mahin , Md Shamsul Arefin , Md Tanvir Hasan

Histopathology slides are routinely marked by pathologists using permanent ink markers that should not be removed as they form part of the medical record. Often tumour regions are marked up for the purpose of highlighting features or other…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-14 Sharib Ali , Nasullah Khalid Alham , Clare Verrill , Jens Rittscher

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) provides information on protein expression in tissue sections and is commonly used to support pathology diagnosis and disease triage. While AI models for H\&E-stained slides show promise, their applicability to…

Generative AI is reshaping how computing systems are designed, optimized, and built, yet research remains fragmented across software, architecture, and chip design communities. This paper takes a cross-stack perspective, examining how…

Digitized pathological diagnosis has been in increasing demand recently. It is well known that color information is critical to the automatic and visual analysis of pathological slides. However, the color variations due to various factors…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-13 Shaojin Cai , Yuyang Xue3 Qinquan Gao , Min Du , Gang Chen , Hejun Zhang , Tong Tong

Accurate and comprehensive clinical documentation is crucial for delivering high-quality healthcare, facilitating effective communication among providers, and ensuring compliance with regulatory requirements. However, manual transcription…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Anjanava Biswas , Wrick Talukdar

The rapid advance of generative AI is reshaping the strategic vision for R&D across industries. The unique challenges of pharmaceutical R&D will see applications of generative AI deliver value along the entire value chain from early…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-12-21 Guy Doron , Sam Genway , Mark Roberts , Sai Jasti

This review introduces the transformative potential of generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) and foundation models, including large language models (LLMs), for health technology assessment (HTA). We explore their applications in four…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Rachael Fleurence , Jiang Bian , Xiaoyan Wang , Hua Xu , Dalia Dawoud , Mitch Higashi , Jagpreet Chhatwal

We performed a billion locality sensitive hash comparisons between artificially generated data samples to answer the critical question - can we reproduce the results of generative AI models? Reproducibility is one of the pillars of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Edward Kim , Isamu Isozaki , Naomi Sirkin , Michael Robson