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Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) are commonly used by type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients to measure glucose concentrations. The proposed adaptive basal-bolus algorithm (ABBA) supports inputs from…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-20 Qingnan Sun , Marko V. Jankovic , João Budzinski , Brett Moore , Peter Diem , Christoph Stettler , Stavroula G. Mougiakakou

Modeling the dynamics of probability distributions from time-dependent data samples is a fundamental problem in many fields, including digital health. The goal is to analyze how the distribution of a biomarker, such as glucose, changes over…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-18 Antonio Álvarez-López , Marcos Matabuena

In the UK, approximately 400,000 people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) rely on insulin delivery due to insufficient pancreatic insulin production. Managing blood glucose (BG) levels is crucial, with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) playing a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Chengzhe Piao , Ken Li

Diabetes mellitus affects over 537 million adults worldwide. Insulin-dependent patients require continuous glucose monitoring and precise dose calculation while operating under strict power budgets on wearable devices. This paper presents…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Sahil Shrivastava

Diabetes mellitus is a complex group of syndromes that have in common a disturbance in the body's use of glucose, resulting in an elevated blood sugar. Once detected, sugar diabetes can be controlled by an appropriate regimen that should…

Medical Physics · Physics 2008-11-03 Raju Poddar , Joseph Thomas Andrews , Pratyoosh Shukla , Pratima Sen

Control of blood glucose is essential for diabetes management. Current digital therapeutic approaches for subjects with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) such as the artificial pancreas and insulin bolus calculators leverage machine learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-27 Kezhi Li , John Daniels , Chengyuan Liu , Pau Herrero , Pantelis Georgiou

This paper presents a computational solution that enables continuous cardiac monitoring through cross-modality inference of electrocardiogram (ECG). While some smartwatches now allow users to obtain a 30-second ECG test by tapping a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-20 Yuenan Li , Xin Tian , Qiang Zhu , Min Wu

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) provides dense and dynamic glucose profiles that enable reliable estimation of Ambulatory Glucose Profile (AGP) metrics, such as Time in Range (TIR), Time Below Range (TBR), and Time Above Range (TAR).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Canyu Lei , Benjamin Lobo , Jianxin Xie

The Bergman minimal model is a dynamic model of plasma glucose concentration. It has two input variables -- insulin delivery and carbohydrate intake. We investigate the behaviour of plasma glucose concentration predicted by the model given…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-03-10 Christopher Townsend , Maria M. Seron , Graham C. Goodwin

We present a method to estimate parameters in pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) models for glucose insulin dynamics in humans. The method combines 1) experimental glucose infusion rate (GIR) data from glucose clamp studies and…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-06-06 Kirstine Sylvest Freil , Liv Olivia Fritzen , Dimitri Boiroux , Tinna B. Aradottir , John Bagterp Jørgensen

Stretchable electronics capable of conforming to nonplanar and dynamic human body surfaces are central for creating implantable and on-skin devices for high-fidelity monitoring of diverse physiological signals. While various strategies have…

We present the design and \textit{in-silico} evaluation of a closed-loop insulin delivery algorithm to treat type 1 diabetes (T1D) consisting in a data-driven multi-step-ahead blood glucose (BG) predictor integrated into a Linear…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-25 Eleonora Maria Aiello , Mehrad Jaloli , Marzia Cescon

Epidermal skin sensors have emerged as a promising approach for continuous and noninvasive monitoring of vital health signals, but to maximize their performance, these sensors must integrate seamlessly with the skin, minimizing impedance…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-07-11 Yuchen Feng , Andreas Kenny Oktavius , Reno Adley Prawoto , Hing Ni Ko , Qiao Gu , Ping Gao

The mathematical modelling of biological systems has historically followed one of two approaches: comprehensive and minimal. In comprehensive models, the involved biological pathways are modelled independently, then brought together as an…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-11-16 Eric Ng , Jaycee Morgan Kaufman , Lennaert van Veen , Yan Fossat

Glucose monitoring plays a critical role in managing diabetes, one of the most prevalent diseases globally. The development of fast-responsive, cost-effective, and biocompatible glucose sensors is essential for improving patient care. In…

In this paper, we build a new, simple, and interpretable mathematical model to estimate and forecast physiology related to the human glucose-insulin system, constrained by available data. By constructing a simple yet flexible model class…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-09-22 M. Sirlanci , M. E. Levine , C. C. Low Wang , D. J. Albers , A. M. Stuart

Biophotonics - and more recently, biointegrated photonics - offer transformative tools for probing cellular processes with unprecedented precision. Among these, whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators - optical microcavities formed in…

Recently, the wearable and non-invasive blood glucose estimation approach has been proposed. However, due to the unreliability of the acquisition device, the presence of the noise and the variations of the acquisition environments, the…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-03-07 Yiting Wei , Bingo Wing-Kuen Ling , Danni Chen , Yuheng Dai , Qing Liu

In this study, we utilize genetic algorithms to develop a realistic implicit solvent ultra-coarse-grained (PC) membrane model comprising only three interaction sites. The key philosophy of the ultra-CG membrane model SMARTINI3 is its…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-10 Alireza Soleimani , Herre Jelger Risselada

Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) is a powerful quantitative technique that provides metabolic and molecular contrast, offering strong translational potential for label-free, real-time diagnostics. However, its clinical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Paloma Casteleiro Costa , Parnian Ghapandar Kashani , Xuhui Liu , Alexander Chen , Ary Portes , Julien Bec , Laura Marcu , Aydogan Ozcan
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