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Various methods have been used to construct rational points and rational curves on rationally connected algebraic varieties. We survey recent advances in two of them, the descent and the fibration method, in a number-theoretical context…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2023-12-27 Olivier Wittenberg

We show that for all finite fields F_q, there exists a curve C over F_q of genus 3 such that the number of rational points on C is within 3 of the Serre-Weil upper or lower bound. For some q, we also obtain improvements on the upper bound…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Kristin Lauter , Jean-Pierre Serre

Let $\mathbb{F}_q$ denote a finite field of characteristic $p \geq 5$ and let $d = q+1$. Let $E_d$ denote the elliptic curve over the function field $\mathbb{F}_{q^2}(t)$ defined by the equation $y^2 + xy - t^d y = x^3$. Its rank is $q$…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-09-29 Christopher Davis , Tommy Occhipinti

Motivated by the question of rationality of cubic fourfolds, we show that a cubic X has an associated K3 surface in the sense of Hassett if and only if the variety F of lines on X is birational to a moduli space of sheaves on a K3 surface,…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2016-08-18 Nicolas Addington

A complex projective manifold is rationally connected, resp. rationally simply connected, if finite subsets are connected by a rational curve, resp. the spaces parameterizing these connecting rational curves are themselves rationally…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2017-06-20 Jason Starr , Chenyang Xu

We study rational curves on general Fano hypersurfaces in projective space, mostly by degenerating the hypersurface along with its ambient projective space to reducible varieties. We prove results on existence of low-degree rational curves…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2020-03-11 Ziv Ran

We consider the problem of counting the number of rational points on the family of Kummer surfaces associated with two non-isogenous elliptic curves. For this two-parameter family we prove Manin's unity, using the presentation of the Kummer…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2021-12-01 Andreas Malmendier , Yih Sung

We study unirationality of a Del Pezzo surface of degree two over a given (non algebraically closed) field, under the assumption that it admits at least one rational double point over an algebraic closure of the base field. As corollaries…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2021-07-13 Ryota Tamanoi

We study Calabi-Yau manifolds defined over finite fields. These manifolds have parameters, which now also take values in the field and we compute the number of rational points of the manifold as a function of the parameters. The intriguing…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Philip Candelas , Xenia de la Ossa , Fernando Rodriguez-Villegas

A method is presented for computing all the affine equivalences between two rational ruled surfaces defined by rational parametrizations that works directly in parametric rational form, i.e. without computing or making use of the implicit…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2019-05-31 Juan Gerardo Alcázar , Emily Quintero

We study and partially classify cubic rational expressions $g(x)/h(x)$ over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$, up to pre- and post-composition with independent M\"obius transformations. In particular, we obtain a full classification when $q$ is…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-02-21 Sandro Mattarei , Marco Pizzato

We give upper and lower bounds for the number of rational points on Prym varieties over finite fields. Moreover, we determine the exact maximum and minimum number of rational points on Prym varieties of dimension 2.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2013-07-15 Yves Aubry , Safia Haloui

We develop explicit techniques to investigate algebraic quasi-hyperbolicity of singular surfaces through the constraints imposed by symmetric differentials. We apply these methods to prove that rational curves on Barth's sextic surface,…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2022-09-28 Nils Bruin , Jordan Thomas , Anthony Várilly-Alvarado

We describe a normal form for a smooth intersection of two quadrics in even-dimensional projective space over an arbitrary field of characteristic 2. We use this to obtain a description of the automorphism group of such a variety. As an…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2018-04-04 Igor Dolgachev , Alexander Duncan

We give examples of smooth $\k$-unirational line-free quartic hypersurfaces over a non algebraically closed field $\k$. Unlike other methods of proving unirationality, our method does not rely on existence of linear spaces on quartics.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-08-21 Nikolay Zak

The number of rational points in toric data are given for two-parameter Calabi-Yau $n$-folds as toric hypersurfaces over finite fields $\mathbb F_p$ . We find that the fundamental period is equal to the number of rational points of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-03-22 Yuan-Chun Jing , Xuan Li , Fu-Zhong Yang

Planar functions over finite fields give rise to finite projective planes and other combinatorial objects. They were originally defined only in odd characteristic, but recently Zhou introduced a definition in even characteristic which…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-03-04 Zachary Scherr , Michael E. Zieve

We show that every cubic form with coefficients in an imaginary quadratic number field $K/\mathbb{Q}$ in at least $14$ variables represents zero non-trivially. This builds on the corresponding seminal result by Heath-Brown for rational…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-07-21 Christian Bernert , Leonhard Hochfilzer

We investigate basic properties of uniformly rational varieties, i.e. those smooth varieties for which every point has a Zariski open neighborhood isomorphic to an open subset of A^n. It is an open question of Gromov whether all smooth…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2013-07-02 Fedor Bogomolov , Christian Böhning

We use a global version of Heath-Brown's $p-$adic determinant method developed by Salberger to give upper bounds for the number of rational points of height at most $B$ on non-singular cubic curves defined over $\mathbb{Q}$. The bounds are…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-05-03 Manh Hung Tran